灏忓皬鏈夎┍瑾細姘ㄦ爱鏄垜鍊戠挵(hu谩n)淇濅汉鏈€甯歌鐨勭墿璩�(zh矛)浜�銆傚皬灏忎粖澶╂悳缇呬簡涓€浜涙枃鐛�(xi脿n)璩囨枡锛屾暣鍚堜簡閫欑瘒鏂囩珷锛屽鏈変笉鍏紝閭勬湜鎸囨暀!


寤㈡按涓殑姘父浠ュ悎姘湁姗熺墿銆佹皑銆佺閰搁菇鍙婁簽纭濋吀楣界瓑褰㈠紡瀛樺湪銆傛牴鎿�(j霉)寤㈡按涓皑姘績搴︾殑涓嶅悓锛屽彲灏囧虎姘村垎鐐�3椤烇細楂樻績搴︽皑姘虎姘�(NH3-N>500mg/l),涓瓑婵冨害姘ㄦ爱寤㈡按(NH3-N锛�50-500mg/l)锛屼綆婵冨害姘ㄦ爱寤㈡按(NH3-N<50mg/l)銆傜劧鑰岄珮婵冨害鐨勬皑姘虎姘村皪寰敓鐗╃殑娲绘€ф湁鎶戝埗浣滅敤锛屽埗绱勪簡鐢熷寲娉曞皪鍏剁殑铏曠悊鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ拰鏁堟灉锛屽悓鏅傛渻闄嶄綆鐢熷寲绯荤当(t菕ng)灏嶆湁姗熸薄鏌撶墿鐨勯檷瑙ｆ晥鐜�锛屽緸鑰屽皫(d菐o)鑷磋檿鐞嗗嚭姘撮洠浠ラ仈(d谩)鍒拌姹�銆傜敓鐗╄檿鐞嗘妸澶у鏁�(sh霉)鏈夋姘綁(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤姘紝鐒跺悗鍙€�(j矛n)涓€姝ヨ綁(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤纭濋吀楣�銆�

鍘婚櫎姘ㄦ爱鐨勪富瑕佹柟娉曟湁锛氱墿鐞嗘硶銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)娉�銆佺敓鐗╂硶銆傜墿鐞嗘硶鍚弽婊查€�銆佽捀椁�銆佸湡澹ょ亴婧夌瓑铏曠悊鎶€琛�(sh霉);鍖栧(xu茅)娉曞惈闆㈠瓙浜ゆ彌銆佹皑鍚硅劔銆佹姌榛炲姞姘�銆佺剼鐕�銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)娌夋穩銆佸偓鍖栬瑙�銆侀浕婊叉瀽銆侀浕鍖栧(xu茅)绛夎檿鐞嗘妧琛�(sh霉);鐢熺墿娉曞惈钘婚椁�(y菐ng)娈栥€佺敓鐗╃鍖�銆佸浐瀹氬寲鐢熺墿鎶€琛�(sh霉)绛夎檿鐞嗘妧琛�(sh霉)銆�

鐩墠涓昏閲囩敤鐨勯櫎姘伐钘濇湁锛氱敓鐗╃鍖栬垏鍙嶇鍖�銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)娌夋穩娉曘€佹哺鐭抽伕鎿囨€ч洟瀛愪氦鎻涘惛闄�銆佹皑鍚硅劔娉�(绌烘埃鍚硅劔)鍙婃姌榛炴隘鍖栫瓑浜旂ó銆�

涓€銆佺敓鐗╃鍖栬垏鍙嶇鍖�

鐢熺墿娉曞幓闄ゆ皑姘槸鍦ㄦ寚寤㈡按涓殑姘ㄦ爱鍦ㄥ悇绋井鐢熺墿鐨勪綔鐢ㄤ笅锛岄€氶亷纭濆寲鍜屽弽纭濆寲绛変竴绯诲垪鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屾渶绲傚舰鎴愭爱姘�锛屽緸鑰岄仈(d谩)鍒板幓闄ゆ皑姘殑鐩殑銆傜敓鐗╂硶鑴爱鐨勫伐钘濇湁寰堝绋�锛屼絾鏄鐞嗗熀鏈浉鍚�銆傞兘闇€瑕佺稉(j墨ng)閬庣鍖栧拰鍙嶇鍖栧叐鍊嬮殠娈�銆�

鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鏂圭▼寮忓涓嬶細

浜炵鍖栵細 2NH4+ + 3O2 鈫� 2NO2- + 2H2O + 4H+

纭濆寲锛� 2NO2- + O2鈫� 2NO3-

纭濆寲鑿岀殑閬╁疁pH鍊肩偤8.0锝�8.4锛屾渶浣虫韩搴︾偤35鈩�锛屾韩搴﹀皪纭濆寲鑿岀殑褰遍熆寰堝ぇ锛屾韩搴︿笅闄�10鈩冿紝纭濆寲閫熷害涓嬮檷涓€鍗�;DO婵冨害锛�2锝�3mg/L;BOD5璨�(f霉)鑽凤細0.06-0.1kgBOD5/(kgMLSS?d);娉ラ健鍦�3锝�5澶╀互涓�銆�

鐢熺墿纭濆寲

纭濆寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鏄湪濂芥哀姊濅欢涓嬮€氶亷濂芥哀纭濆寲鑿岀殑浣滅敤灏囧虎姘翠腑鐨勬皑姘哀鍖栫偤浜炵閰搁菇鎴栫閰搁菇姘殑閬庣▼锛岀ū鐐虹敓鐗╃鍖栦綔鐢�銆傚寘鎷叐鍊嬪熀鏈弽鎳�(y墨ng)姝ラ锛氱敱浜炵閰歌弻鍙冭垏鐨勫皣姘ㄦ爱杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤浜炵閰搁菇鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆傜敱纭濋吀鑿屽弮鑸囩殑灏囦簽纭濋吀楣借綁(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤纭濋吀楣界殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆備簽纭濋吀鑿屽拰纭濋吀鑿岄兘鏄嚜椁�(y菐ng)鑿岋紝瀹冨€戝埄鐢ㄥ虎姘翠腑鐨勭⒊婧�锛岄€氶亷鑸嘚H3-N鐨勬哀鍖栭倓鍘熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐛插緱鑳介噺銆�

灏囨皑姘哀鍖栨垚浜炵閰搁菇姘拰纭濋吀楣界敓鐗╃鍖栫殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閬庣▼鐐猴細

NH4+ 鍗� 2O2 = NO3- 鍗�2H+ 鍗� H2O

鐢变笂寮忓彲鐭ワ細

(1)鍦ㄧ鍖栭亷绋嬩腑锛�1g姘ㄦ爱杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤纭濋吀楣芥爱鏅傞渶姘�4.57g;

(2)纭濆寲閬庣▼涓噵鏀惧嚭H+锛屽皣娑堣€楀虎姘翠腑鐨勫牽搴�锛屾瘡姘у寲l g姘ㄦ爱锛屽皣娑堣€楀牽搴�(浠aCO3瑷�) 7.lg銆�

褰遍熆纭濆寲閬庣▼鐨勪富瑕佸洜绱犳湁锛�

(1)pH鍊�

鐣�(d膩ng)pH鍊肩偤8.0锝�8.4鏅�(20鈩�)锛岀鍖栦綔鐢ㄩ€熷害鏈€蹇€傜敱浜庣鍖栭亷绋嬩腑pH灏囦笅闄�锛岀暥(d膩ng)寤㈡按鍫垮害涓嶈冻鏅�锛屽嵆闇€鎶曞姞鐭崇伆锛岀董鎸乸H鍊煎湪7.5浠ヤ笂;

(2)婧害

婧害楂樻檪锛岀鍖栭€熷害蹇€備簽xiao 閰搁菇鑿岀殑鏈€閬╁疁姘存韩鐐�35鈩�锛屽湪15鈩冧互涓嬪叾娲绘€ф€ュ妵闄嶄綆锛屾晠姘存韩浠ヤ笉浣庝簬15鈩冪偤瀹�;

(3)姹℃偿鍋滅暀鏅傞枔

纭濆寲鑿岀殑澧炴畺閫熷害寰堝皬锛屽叾鏈€澶ф瘮鐢熼暦閫熺巼鐐� =0.3锝�0.5d-1(婧害20鈩�锛宲H8.0锝�8.4)銆傜偤浜嗙董鎸佹睜鍏�(n猫i)涓€瀹氶噺鐨勭鍖栬弻缇�锛屾薄娉ュ仠鐣欐檪闁� 蹇呴爤澶т簬纭濆寲鑿岀殑鏈€灏忎笘浠ｆ檪闁� 銆傚湪瀵﹂殯閬嬭涓�锛屼竴鑸噳(y墨ng)鍙� >2 ,鎴� >2 ;

(4)婧惰В姘�

姘ф槸鐢熺墿纭濆寲浣滅敤涓殑闆诲瓙鍙楅珨锛屽叾婵冨害澶綆灏囦笉鍒╀簬纭濆寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勯€�(j矛n)琛�銆備竴鑸�锛屽湪娲绘€ф薄娉ユ硶鏇濇埃姹犱腑閫�(j矛n)琛岀鍖�锛屾憾瑙ｆ哀鎳�(y墨ng)淇濇寔鍦�2锝�3mg/L浠ヤ笂;

(5)BOD璨�(f霉)鑽�

纭濆寲鑿屾槸涓€椤炶嚜椁�(y菐ng)鍨嬭弻锛岃€孊OD姘у寲鑿屾槸鐣伴(y菐ng)鍨嬭弻銆傝嫢BOD5璨�(f霉)鑽烽亷楂�锛屾渻浣跨敓闀烽€熺巼杓冮珮鐨勭暟椁�(y菐ng)鍨嬭弻杩呴€熺箒娈�锛屽緸鑰屼郊鐧介(y菐ng)鍨嬬殑纭濆寲鑿屽緱涓嶅埌鍎�(y艒u)鍕�锛岀祼(ji茅)鏋滈檷浣庝簡纭濆寲閫熺巼銆傛墍浠ョ偤瑕佸厖鍒嗛€�(j矛n)琛岀鍖�锛孊OD5璨�(f霉)鑽锋噳(y墨ng)缍寔鍦�0.3kg(BOD5)/kg(SS).d浠ヤ笅銆�

鐢熺墿鍙嶇鍖�

鍦ㄧ己姘ф浠朵笅锛屽埄鐢ㄥ弽纭濆寲鑿�(鑴爱鑿�)灏囦簽纭濋吀楣藉拰纭濋吀楣介倓鍘熺偤姘埃鑰屽緸寤㈡按涓€稿嚭鐢变簬鍏兼€ц劔姘弻(鍙嶇鍖栬弻)鐨勪綔鐢�锛屽皣纭濆寲閬庣▼涓敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑纭濋吀楣芥垨浜炵閰搁菇閭勫師鎴怤2鐨勯亷绋嬶紝绋辩偤鍙嶇鍖�銆傚弽纭濆寲閬庣▼涓殑闆诲瓙渚涢珨鏄悇绋悇妯ｇ殑鏈夋搴曠墿(纰虫簮)銆�

浠ョ敳閱囩偤纰虫簮鐐轰緥锛屽叾鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)寮忕偤锛�

6NO3-+2CH3OH鈫�6NO2-+2CO2+4H2O

6NO2-+3CH3OH鈫�3N2+3CO2+3H2O+6OH-

鍙嶇鍖栬弻鐨勯仼瀹減H鍊肩偤6.5锝�8.0;鏈€浣虫韩搴︾偤30鈩�锛岀暥(d膩ng)婧害浣庝簬10鈩冩檪锛屽弽纭濆寲閫熷害鏄庨’涓嬮檷锛岃€岀暥(d膩ng)婧害浣庤嚦3鈩冩檪锛屽弽纭濆寲浣滅敤灏囧仠姝�;DO婵冨害<0.5mg/L;BOD5/TN>3锝�5銆傜敓鐗╄劔姘硶鍙幓闄ゅ绋惈姘寲鍚堢墿锛岀附姘幓闄ょ巼鍙仈(d谩)70%锝�95%锛屼簩娆℃薄鏌撳皬涓旀瘮杓冪稉(j墨ng)婵燂紝鍥犳鍦ㄥ湅鍏�(n猫i)澶栭亱鐢ㄦ渶澶�銆傚叾缂洪粸鏄崰鍦伴潰绌嶅ぇ锛屼綆婧檪鏁堢巼浣庛€�

鍦ㄧ己姘ф浠朵笅锛岀敱浜庡吋鎬ц劔姘弻(鍙嶇鍖栬弻)鐨勪綔鐢�锛屽皣NO2--N鍜孨O3--N閭勫師鎴怤2鐨勯亷绋嬶紝绋辩偤鍙嶇鍖�銆傚弽纭濆寲閬庣▼涓殑闆诲瓙渚涢珨(姘緵楂�)鏄悇绋悇妯ｇ殑鏈夋搴曠墿(纰虫簮)銆備互鐢查唶浣滅⒊婧愮偤渚�锛屽叾鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)寮忕偤锛�

6NO3-鍗�5CH3OH鈫�5CO2鍗�4H2O鍗�3N2鍗�6OH-

鐢变笂鍙锛屽湪鐢熺墿鍙嶇鍖栭亷绋嬩腑锛屼笉鍍呭彲浣縉O3--N銆丯O2--N琚倓鍘�锛岃€屼笖閭勫彲浣嶆湁姗熺墿姘у寲鍒嗚В銆�

褰遍熆鍙嶇鍖栫殑涓昏鍥犵礌锛�

(1)婧害

婧害灏嶅弽纭濆寲鐨勫奖闊挎瘮灏嶅叾瀹冨虎姘寸敓鐗╄檿鐞嗛亷绋嬭澶т簺銆備竴鑸�锛屼互缍寔20锝�40鈩冪偤瀹�銆傝嫤鍦ㄦ埃婧亷浣庣殑鍐锛屽彲閲囧彇澧炲姞姹℃偿鍋滅暀鏅傞枔銆侀檷浣庤矤(f霉)鑽风瓑鎺柦锛屼互淇濇寔鑹ソ鐨勫弽纭濆寲鏁堟灉;

(2)pH鍊�

鍙嶇鍖栭亷绋嬬殑pH鍊兼帶鍒跺湪7.0锝�8.0;

(3)婧惰В姘�

姘у皪鍙嶇鍖栬劔姘湁鎶戝埗浣滅敤銆備竴鑸湪鍙嶇鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍣ㄥ収(n猫i)婧惰В姘ф噳(y墨ng)鎺у埗鍦�0.5mg/L浠ヤ笅(娲绘€ф薄娉ユ硶)鎴�1mg/L浠ヤ笅(鐢熺墿鑶滄硶);

(4)鏈夋纰虫簮

鐣�(d膩ng)寤㈡按涓惈瓒冲鐨勬湁姗熺⒊婧�锛孊OD5/TN>(3锝�5)鏅傦紝鍙劇闇€澶栧姞纰虫簮銆傜暥(d膩ng)寤㈡按鎵€鍚殑纰�銆佹爱姣斾綆浜庨€欏€嬫瘮鍊兼檪锛屽氨闇€鍙﹀鎶曞姞鏈夋纰炽€傚鍔犳湁姗熺⒊澶氶噰鐢ㄧ敳閱�?锛熺搐]鍒扮敳閱囧皪婧惰В姘х殑椤嶅娑堣€�锛岀敳閱囨姇閲忎竴鑸偤NO3--N鐨�3鍊�銆�

姝ゅ锛岄倓鍙埄鐢ㄥ井鐢熺墿姝讳骸;鑷憾鍚庨噵鏀惧嚭渚嗙殑閭ｉ儴鍒嗘湁姗熺⒊锛屽嵆"鍏�(n猫i)纰虫簮"锛屼絾閫欒姹傛薄娉ュ仠鐣欐檪闁撻暦鎴栬矤(f霉)鑽风巼浣�锛屼娇寰敓鐗╄檿浜庣敓闀锋洸绶氱殑闈滄鏈熸垨琛颁骸鏈燂紝鍥犳姹犲鐩告噳(y墨ng)澧炲ぇ銆�

甯歌鐨勭敓鐗╄劔姘祦绋嬪彲浠ュ垎鐐�3椤烇細

1.澶氱礆姹℃偿绯荤当(t菕ng)

澶氱礆姹℃偿绯荤当(t菕ng)閫氬父琚ū鐐哄偝绲�(t菕ng)鐨勭敓鐗╄劔姘祦绋嬨€傛娴佺▼鍙互寰楀埌鐩哥暥(d膩ng)濂界殑BOD5鍘婚櫎鏁堟灉鍜岃劔姘晥鏋�锛屽叾缂洪粸鏄祦绋嬮暦锛屾(g貌u)绛戠墿澶�锛屽熀寤鸿不鐢ㄩ珮锛岄渶瑕佸鍔犵⒊婧愶紝閬嬭璨荤敤楂�锛屽嚭姘翠腑娈樼暀涓€瀹氶噺鐢查唶;

2.鍠礆姹℃偿绯荤当(t菕ng)

鍠礆姹℃偿绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫舰寮忓寘鎷墠缃弽纭濆寲绯荤当(t菕ng)銆佸悗缃弽纭濆寲绯荤当(t菕ng)鍙婁氦鏇垮伐浣滅郴绲�(t菕ng)銆傚墠缃弽纭濆寲鐨勭敓鐗╄劔姘祦绋�锛岄€氬父绋辩偤A/O娴佺▼銆傝垏鍌崇当(t菕ng)鐨勭敓鐗╄劔姘伐钘濇祦绋嬬浉姣�锛岃┎宸ヨ棟鐗归粸锛氭祦绋嬬啊鍠�銆佹(g貌u)绛戠墿灏�锛屽彧鏈変竴鍊嬫薄娉ュ洖娴佺郴绲�(t菕ng)鍜屾贩鍚堟恫鍥炴祦绯荤当(t菕ng)锛屽熀寤鸿不鐢ㄥ彲澶уぇ绡€(ji茅)鐪�;灏囪劔姘睜瑷�(sh猫)缃湪鍘荤⒊婧�锛岄檷浣庨亱琛岃不鐢�;濂芥哀姹犲湪缂烘哀姹犲悗锛屽彲浣垮弽纭濆寲娈樼暀鐨勬湁姗熸薄鏌撶墿寰楀埌閫�(j矛n)涓€姝ュ幓闄�锛屾彁楂樺嚭姘存按璩�(zh矛);缂烘哀姹犲湪鍓�锛屾薄姘翠腑鐨勬湁姗熺⒊琚弽纭濆寲鑿屾墍鍒╃敤锛屽彲娓涜紩鍏跺悗濂芥哀姹犵殑鏈夋璨�(f霉)鑽�銆�

姝ゅ锛屽悗缃紡鍙嶇鍖栫郴绲�(t菕ng)锛屽洜鐐烘贩鍚堟恫缂轰箯鏈夋鐗╋紝涓€鑸倓闇€瑕佷汉宸ユ姇鍔犵⒊婧�锛屼絾鑴爱鐨勬晥鏋滈珮浜庡墠缃紡锛岀悊璜栦笂鍙帴杩�100%鐨勮劔姘晥鏋�銆備氦鏇垮伐浣滅殑鐢熺墿鑴爱娴佺▼涓昏鐢卞叐鍊嬩覆鑱�(li谩n)姹犲瓙绲勬垚锛岄€氶亷鏀规彌閫�(j矛n)姘村拰鍑烘按鐨勬柟鍚�锛屽叐鍊嬫睜瀛愪氦鏇垮湪缂烘哀鍜屽ソ姘х殑姊濅欢涓嬮亱琛屻€傚畠鏈唱(zh矛)涓婁粛鏄疉/O绯荤当(t菕ng)锛屼絾鍒╃敤浜ゆ浛宸ヤ綔鐨勬柟寮�锛岄伩鍏嶄簡娣峰悎娑茬殑鍥炴祦锛屽叾鑴爱鏁堟灉鍎�(y艒u)浜庝竴鑸珹/O娴佺▼銆傚叾缂洪粸鏄亱琛岀鐞嗚不鐢ㄨ純楂橈紝蹇呴爤閰嶇疆瑷堢畻姗熸帶鍒惰嚜鍕曟搷浣滅郴绲�(t菕ng);

3.鐢熺墿鑶滅郴绲�(t菕ng)

灏囦笂杩癆/O绯荤当(t菕ng)涓殑缂烘哀姹犲拰濂芥哀姹犳敼鐐哄浐瀹氱敓鐗╄啘鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍣�锛屽嵆褰㈡垚鐢熺墿鑶滆劔姘郴绲�(t菕ng)銆傛绯荤当(t菕ng)涓噳(y墨ng)鏈夋贩鍚堟恫鍥炴祦锛屼絾涓嶉渶姹℃偿鍥炴祦锛屽湪缂烘哀鐨勫ソ姘у弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍣ㄤ腑淇濆瓨浜嗛仼鎳�(y墨ng)浜庡弽纭濆寲鍜屽ソ姘ф哀鍖栧強纭濆寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫叐鍊嬫薄娉ョ郴绲�(t菕ng)銆�

鐢变簬甯歌(gu墨)鐢熺墿铏曠悊楂樻績搴︽皑姘虎姘撮倓瀛樺湪浠ヤ笅锛�

(1)鐐轰簡鑳戒娇寰敓鐗╂甯哥敓闀�锛屽繀闋堝鍔犲洖娴佹瘮渚嗙█閲嬪師寤㈡按;

(2)纭濆寲閬庣▼涓嶅儏闇€瑕佸ぇ閲忔哀姘�锛岃€屼笖鍙嶇鍖栭渶瑕佸ぇ閲忕殑纰虫簮锛屼竴鑸獚(r猫n)鐐篊OD/TKN鑷冲皯鐐�9銆�

浜�銆佹哺鐭抽伕鎿囦氦鎻涘惛闄�

闆㈠瓙浜ゆ彌鏄寚鍦ㄥ浐楂旈绮掑拰娑查珨鐨勭晫闈笂鐧�(f膩)鐢熺殑闆㈠瓙浜ゆ彌閬庣▼銆傞洟瀛愪氦鎻涙硶閬哥敤灏峃H4+闆㈠瓙鏈夊緢寮烽伕鎿囨€х殑娌哥煶浣滅偤浜ゆ彌妯硅剛锛屽緸鑰岄仈(d谩)鍒板幓闄ゆ皑姘殑鐩殑銆�

娌哥煶鏄竴绋閶侀吀楣�锛屽叾鍖栧(xu茅)绲勬垚鍙〃绀虹偤(M2+锛�2M+)O.Al2O3.mSiO2?nH2O (m=2锝�10锛宯=0锝�9)锛屽紡涓璏2+浠ｈ〃Ca2+銆丼r2+绛変簩鍍归櫧闆㈠瓙锛孧+浠ｈ〃Na+銆並+绛変竴鍍归櫧闆㈠瓙锛岀偤涓€绋急閰稿瀷闄介洟瀛愪氦鎻涘姂銆傚湪娌哥煶鐨勪笁缍┖闁撶祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓�锛屽叿鏈夎(gu墨)鍓囩殑瀛旈亾绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岀┖绌达紝浣垮叾鍏锋湁绡╁垎鏁堟噳(y墨ng)锛屼氦鎻涘惛闄勯伕鎿囨€с€佺啽绌�(w臎n)瀹氭€у強褰㈢┅(w臎n)瀹氭€х瓑鍎�(y艒u)鑹€ц兘銆傚ぉ鐒舵哺鐭崇殑绋寰堝锛岀敤浜庡幓闄ゆ皑姘殑涓昏鐐烘枩鐧�(f膩)娌哥煶銆�

娌哥煶鍏锋湁灏嶉潪闆㈠瓙姘ㄧ殑鍚搁檮浣滅敤鍜岃垏闆㈠瓙姘ㄧ殑闆㈠瓙浜ゆ彌浣滅敤锛屽畠鏄竴椤炵璩�(zh矛)鐨勯櫧闆㈠瓙浜ゆ彌鍔�锛屾垚鏈綆锛屽皪NH4+鏈夊緢寮风殑閬告搰鎬�銆侽.Lahav绛夌敤娌哥煶浣滅偤闆㈠瓙浜ゆ彌鏉愭枡锛屽皣娌哥煶浣滅偤涓€绋妸姘ㄦ爱寰炲虎姘翠腑鍒嗛洟鍑轰締鐨勫垎闆㈠櫒浠ュ強纭濆寲绱�(x矛)鑿岀殑杓夐珨銆�

瑭插伐钘濆湪涓€鍊嬬啊鍠殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍣ㄤ腑鍒嗗惛闄勯殠娈靛拰鐢熺墿鍐嶇敓闅庢鍏╁€嬮殠娈甸€�(j矛n)琛�銆傚湪鍚搁檮闅庢锛屾哺鐭虫煴浣滅偤鍏稿瀷鐨勯洟瀛愪氦鎻涙煴;鑰屽湪鐢熺墿鍐嶇敓闅庢锛岄檮鍦ㄦ哺鐭充笂鐨勭窗(x矛)鑿屾妸鑴檮鐨勬皑姘哀鍖栨垚纭濇厠(t脿i)姘�銆傜爺绌剁祼(ji茅)鏋滆〃鏄庯紝瑭插伐钘濆叿鏈夎純楂樼殑姘ㄦ爱鍘婚櫎鐜囧拰绌�(w臎n)瀹氭€�锛岃兘鎴愬姛鍦板幓闄ゅ師姘村拰浜岀礆鍑烘按涓殑姘ㄦ爱銆�

娌哥煶闆㈠瓙浜ゆ彌鑸噋H鐨勯伕鎿囨湁寰堝ぇ闂�(gu膩n)绯�锛宲H鍦�4锝�8鐨勮寖鍦嶆槸娌哥煶闆㈠瓙浜ゆ彌鐨勬渶浣冲崁(q奴)鍩熴€傜暥(d膩ng)pH<4鏅�锛孒+鑸嘚H4+鐧�(f膩)鐢熺鐖�;鐣�(d膩ng)pH>8鏅傦紝NH4+璁�?y艒u)闀笻3鑰屽け鍘婚洟瀛愪氦鎻涙€ц兘銆傜敤闆㈠瓙浜ゆ彌娉曡檿鐞嗗惈姘ㄦ爱10锝�20mg/L鐨勫煄甯傛薄姘达紝鍑烘按婵冨害鍙仈(d谩)1mg/L浠ヤ笅銆傞洟瀛愪氦鎻涙硶鍏锋湁宸ヨ棟绨″柈銆佹姇璩囩渷鍘婚櫎鐜囬珮鐨勭壒榛�锛岄仼鐢ㄤ簬涓綆婵冨害鐨勬皑姘虎姘�(<500mg/L)锛屽皪浜庨珮婵冨害鐨勬皑姘虎姘存渻鍥犳ü鑴傚啀鐢熼牷绻佽€岄€犳垚鎿嶄綔鍥伴洠銆備絾鍐嶇敓娑茬偤楂樻績搴︽皑姘虎姘�锛屼粛闇€閫�(j矛n)涓€姝ヨ檿鐞嗐€�

鏂滅櫦(f膩)娌哥煶灏嶆煇浜涢櫧闆㈠瓙鐨勪氦鎻涢伕鎿囨€ф搴忕偤锛欿+锛孨H4+>Na+>Ba2+>Ca2+>Mg2+銆傚埄鐢ㄦ枩鐧�(f膩)娌哥煶灏峃H4+鐨勫挤閬告搰鎬�锛屽彲閲囩敤浜ゆ彌鍚搁檮宸ヨ棟鍘婚櫎姘翠腑姘ㄦ爱銆備氦鎻涘惛闄勯＝鍜岀殑鎷傜煶缍�(j墨ng)鍐嶇敓鍙噸寰�(f霉)鍒╃敤銆�

婧舵恫pH鍊煎皪娌哥煶闄ゆ皑褰遍熆寰堝ぇ銆傜暥(d膩ng)pH閬庨珮锛孨H4+鍚慛H3杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栵紝浜ゆ彌鍚搁檮浣滅敤娓涘急;鐣�(d膩ng)pH閬庝綆锛孒+鐨勭鐖惛闄勪綔鐢ㄥ寮�锛屼笉鍒╀簬NH4+鐨勫幓闄�銆傞€氬父锛岄€�(j矛n)姘磒H鍊间互6锝�8鐐虹伣(z膩i)銆傜暥(d膩ng)铏曠悊鍚堟皑姘�10锝�20mg/L鐨勫煄甯傚毚(y谩n)姘存檪锛屽嚭姘存績搴﹀彲閬�(d谩)l mg/L浠ヤ笅銆傜┛閫忔檪閫氭按瀹圭⿳绱�100锝�150搴婂銆傛哺鐭崇殑宸ヤ綔浜ゆ彌瀹归噺绱�0.4脳10-3n-1mol/g宸﹀彸銆�

鍚搁檮閵ㄩ仈(d谩)鍒伴＝鍜岀殑娌哥煶鍙敤5g/L鐨勭煶鐏颁钩鎴栭＝鍜岀煶鐏版按鍐嶇敓銆傚啀鐢熸恫鐢ㄩ噺绱勭偤铏曠悊姘撮噺鐨�3锝�5%銆傜爺绌惰〃鏄�锛岀煶鐏板啀鐢熸恫涓姞鍏�0.1mol鐨凬aCl锛屽彲鎻愰珮鍐嶇敓鏁堢巼銆傞嚌灏嶇煶鐏板啀鐢熺殑绲�(ji茅)鍨㈠晱椤�锛屼害鏈夐噰鐢�2%鐨勬隘鍖栭垑婧舵恫浣滃啀鐢熸恫鐨�锛屾鏅傚啀鐢熸恫鐢ㄩ噺杓冨ぇ銆�

鍐嶇敓鏅傛帓鍑虹殑楂樻績搴﹀悎姘ㄥ虎娑插繀闋堥€�(j矛n)琛岃檿鐞�锛屽叾铏曠悊鏂规硶鏈夛細(1)绌烘埃鍚硅劔 鍚硅劔鐨凬H3鎴栬€呮帓绌�锛屾垨鑰呯敱閲廐2S04鍚告敹浣滆偉鏂�;(2)钂告埃鍚硅劔 鍐峰嚌娑茬偤1%鐨勬皑婧舵恫锛屽彲鐢ㄤ綔鑲ユ枡;(3)闆昏В姘у寲(闆绘隘鍖�) 灏囨皑姘у寲鍒嗚В鐐篘2銆�

涓夈€佺┖姘ｅ惞鑴硶鑸囨苯鎻愭硶

绌烘埃鍚硅劔娉曟槸灏囧虎姘磋垏姘ｉ珨鎺ヨЦ锛屽皣姘ㄦ爱寰炴恫鐩歌綁(zhu菐n)绉诲埌姘ｇ浉鐨勬柟娉曘€傝┎鏂规硶閬╁疁鐢ㄤ簬楂樻績搴︽皑姘虎姘寸殑铏曠悊銆傚惞鑴槸浣挎按浣滅偤涓嶉€ｇ簩(x霉)鐩歌垏绌烘埃鎺ヨЦ锛屽埄鐢ㄦ按涓祫鍒嗙殑瀵﹂殯婵冨害鑸囧钩琛℃績搴︿箣闁撶殑宸暟锛屼娇姘ㄦ爱杞�(zhu菐n)绉昏嚦姘ｇ浉鑰屽幓闄ゅ虎姘翠腑鐨勬皑姘€氬父浠ラ姩闆㈠瓙(NH4+)鍜屾父闆㈡皑(NH3)鐨勭媭鎱�(t脿i)淇濇寔骞宠　鑰屽瓨鍦�銆傚皣寤㈡按pH鍊艰(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)鑷冲牽鎬ф檪锛岄洟瀛愭厠(t脿i)閵ㄨ綁(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤鍒嗗瓙鎱�(t脿i)姘紝鐒跺悗閫氬叆绌烘埃灏囨皑鍚硅劔鍑�銆�

鍚硅劔娉曢櫎姘ㄦ爱锛屽幓闄ょ巼鍙仈(d谩)60%锝�95%锛屽伐钘濇祦绋嬬啊鍠�锛岃檿鐞嗘晥鏋滅┅(w臎n)瀹�锛屽惞鑴嚭鐨勬皑姘ｇ敤楣� 閰稿惛鏀剁敓鎴愭隘鍖栭姩鍙洖鐢ㄤ簬绱斿牽鐢熺敘(ch菐n)浣滄瘝娑�锛屼篃鍙牴鎿�(j霉)甯傚牬闇€姹傦紝鐢ㄦ按鍚告敹鐢熺敘(ch菐n)姘ㄦ按鎴栫敤纭吀鍚告敹鐢熺敘(ch菐n)纭吀閵ㄥ壇鐢�(ch菐n)鍝�锛屾湭鏀跺熬姘ｈ繑鍥炲惞鑴涓�銆備絾姘存韩浣庢檪鍚硅劔鏁堢巼浣�锛屼笉閬╁悎鍦ㄥ瘨鍐风殑鍐浣跨敤銆�

鐢ㄨ┎娉曡檿鐞嗘皑姘檪锛岄渶鑰冩叜鎺掓斁鐨勬父闆㈡皑绺介噺鎳�(y墨ng)绗﹀悎姘ㄧ殑澶ф埃鎺掓斁妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)锛屼互鍏嶉€犳垚浜屾姹℃煋銆備綆婵冨害寤㈡按閫氬父鍦ㄥ父婧笅鐢ㄧ┖姘ｅ惞鑴紝鑰岀厜閶�銆佺煶娌瑰寲宸�銆佸寲鑲ャ€佹湁姗熷寲宸�銆佹湁鑹查噾灞喍鐓夌瓑琛屾キ(y猫)鐨勯珮婵冨害寤㈡按鍓囧父鐢ㄨ捀姹介€�(j矛n)琛屽惞鑴�銆傝┎鏂规硶姣旇純閬╁悎铏曠悊楂樻績搴︽皑姘虎姘�锛屼絾鍚硅劔鏁堢巼褰遍熆鍥犲瓙澶�锛屼笉瀹规槗鎺у埗锛岀壒鍒ユ槸婧害褰遍熆姣旇純澶�锛屽湪鍖楁柟瀵掑喎瀛ｇ瘈(ji茅)鏁堢巼鏈冨ぇ澶ч檷浣庯紝鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄨū澶氬惞鑴缃€冩叜鍒扮稉(j墨ng)婵熸€�锛屾矑鏈夊洖鏀舵皑锛岀洿鎺ユ帓鏀惧埌澶ф埃涓�锛岄€犳垚澶ф埃姹℃煋銆�

姹芥彁娉曟槸鐢ㄨ捀姹藉皣寤㈡按涓殑娓搁洟姘ㄨ綁(zhu菐n)璁�?y艒u)姒樼潝搴栬帺?锛岃檿鐞嗘鐞嗚垏鍚硅劔娉曚竴妯ｆ槸涓€鍊嬪偝璩�(zh矛)閬庣▼锛屽嵆鍦ㄩ珮pH鍊兼檪锛屼娇寤㈡按鑸囨埃楂斿瘑鍒囨帴瑙�锛屽緸鑰岄檷浣庡虎姘翠腑姘ㄦ績搴︾殑閬庣▼銆傚偝璩�(zh矛)閬庣▼鐨勬帹鍕曞姏鏄埃楂斾腑姘ㄧ殑鍒嗗鑸囧虎姘翠腑姘ㄧ殑婵冨害鐩哥暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)閽犺兌澶ヨ瑜愵噣g鐨勫樊銆�

寤堕暦姘ｆ按闁撶殑鎺ヨЦ鏅傞枔鍙婃帴瑙哥穵瀵嗙▼搴﹀彲鎻愰珮姘ㄦ爱鐨勮檿鐞嗘晥鐜�锛岀敤濉枡濉斿彲浠ユ豢瓒虫瑕佹眰銆傚鐨勫～鏂欐垨鍏呭～鐗╁彲浠ラ€氶亷澧炲姞娴告饯琛ㄩ潰绌嶅拰鍦ㄦ暣鍊嬪鍏�(n猫i)褰㈡垚灏忔按婊存垨鐢熸垚钖勮啘渚嗗鍔犳埃姘撮枔鐨勬帴瑙告檪闁撴苯鎻愭硶閬╃敤浜庤檿鐞嗛€ｇ簩(x霉)鎺掓斁鐨勯珮婵冨害姘ㄦ爱寤㈡按锛屾搷浣滄浠惰垏鍚硅劔娉曢浼�锛屽皪姘ㄦ爱鐨勫幓闄ょ巼鍙仈(d谩)97%浠ヤ笂銆備絾姹芥彁濉斿収(n猫i)瀹规槗鐢熸垚姘村灑锛屼娇鎿嶄綔鐒℃硶姝ｅ父閫�(j矛n)琛屻€�

鍚硅劔鍜屾苯鎻愭硶铏曠悊寤㈡按鍚庢墍閫稿嚭鐨勬皑姘ｅ彲閫�(j矛n)琛屽洖鏀讹細鐢ㄧ～閰稿惛鏀朵綔鐐鸿偉鏂欎娇鐢�;鍐峰嚌鐐�1%鐨勬皑婧舵恫銆�

鍦ㄥ牽鎬ф浠朵笅(pH>10.5)锛屽虎姘翠腑鐨勬皑姘富瑕佷互NH3鐨勫舰寮忓瓨鍦�(鍦�20-2)銆傝畵寤㈡按鑸囩┖姘ｅ厖鍒嗘帴瑙革紝鍓囨按涓彯鐧�(f膩)鎬х殑NH3灏囩敱娑茬浉鍚戞埃鐩歌綁(zhu菐n)绉�锛屽緸鑰岃劔闄ゆ按涓殑姘ㄦ爱銆傚惞鑴鍏�(n猫i)瑁濆～鏈ㄨ唱(zh矛)鎴栧鏂欐澘姊濆～鏂欙紝绌烘埃娴佺敱濉旂殑涓嬮儴閫�(j矛n)鍏�锛岃€屽虎姘村墖鐢卞闋傝惤鑷冲搴曢泦姘存睜銆�

褰遍熆姘ㄥ惞鑴晥鏋滅殑涓昏鍥犵礌鏈夛細

(1)pH鍊� 涓€鑸皣pH鍊兼彁楂樿嚦10.8锝�11.5;

(2)婧害 姘存韩闄嶄綆鏅傛皑鐨勬憾瑙ｅ害澧炲姞锛屽惞鑴晥鐜囬檷浣庛€備緥濡�锛�20鈩冩檪姘ㄥ幓闄ょ巼鐐�90锝�95%锛岃€�10鈩冩檪闄嶈嚦绱�75%锛岄€欑偤鍚硅劔濉斿湪鍐閬嬭甯朵締鍥伴洠;

(3)姘村姏璨�(f霉)鑽� 姘村姏璨�(f霉)鑽�(m3/m2.h)閬庡ぇ锛屽皣鐮村楂樻晥鍚硅劔鎵€闇€鐨勬按娴佺媭鎱�(t脿i)锛岃€屽舰鎴愭按骞�;姘村姏璨�(f霉)鑽烽亷灏�锛屽～鏂欏彲鑳芥矑鏈夐仼鐣�(d膩ng)婵曟饯锛岃嚧浣块亱琛屼笉鑹�锛屽舰鎴愬共濉斻€備竴鑸按鍔涜矤(f霉)鑽风偤2.5锝�5m3/m2.h;

(4)姘ｆ按姣� 灏嶄簬涓€瀹氬楂�锛屽鍔犵┖姘ｆ祦閲�锛屽彲鎻愰珮姘ㄥ幓闄ょ巼;浣嗛毃钁楃┖姘ｆ祦閲忓鍔�锛屽闄嶄篃澧炲姞锛屾墍浠ョ┖姘ｆ祦閲忔湁涓€闄愬€�銆備竴鑸�锛屾埃/姘存瘮鍙彇2500锝�5000(m3/m2);

(5)濉枡妲�(g貌u)鍨嬭垏楂樺害 鐢变簬鍙嶅京(f霉)婵烘按鍜屽舰鎴愭按婊存槸姘ㄥ惞鑴殑闂�(gu膩n)閸碉紝鍥犳濉枡鐨勫舰鐙€銆佸昂瀵�銆侀枔璺濄€佹帓鍒楁柟寮忓閮藉皪鍚硅劔鏁堟灉鏈夊奖闊�銆備竴鑸紝濉枡闁撹窛40锝�50mm锛屽～鏂欓珮搴︾偤6锝�7.5m銆傝嫢澧炲姞濉枡闁撹窛锛屽墖闇€鏇村ぇ鐨勫～鏂欓珮搴�;

(6)绲�(ji茅)鍨㈡帶鍒� 濉枡绲�(ji茅)鍨�(CaCO3)鐗归檷浣庡惞鑴鐨勮檿鐞嗘晥鐜�?锛熷垈骞砓(ji茅)鍨㈢殑鎺柦鏈夛細鐢ㄩ珮澹撴按娌栨礂鍨㈠堡;鍦ㄩ€�(j矛n)姘翠腑鎶曞姞闃诲灑鍔戯細閲囩敤涓嶅悎鎴栧皯鍚獵O2鐨勭┖姘ｅ惞鑴�(濡傚熬姘ｅ惛鏀堕櫎姘ㄥ惊鐠�(hu谩n)浣跨敤);閲囩敤涓嶆槗绲�(ji茅)鍨㈢殑濉戞枡濉枡浠ｆ浛鏈ㄦ潗绛�銆�

绌烘埃鍚硅劔娉曢櫎姘�锛屽幓闄ょ巼鍙仈(d谩)60锝�95%锛屾祦绋嬬啊鍠�锛岃檿鐞嗘晥鏋滅┅(w臎n)瀹�锛屽熀寤鸿不鍜岄亱琛岃不杓冧綆锛屽彲铏曠悊楂樻績搴﹀悎姘ㄥ虎姘淬€備絾姘ｆ韩浣庢檪鍚硅劔鏁堢巼浣�锛屽～绉戠祼(ji茅)鍨㈠線寰€鍤�(y谩n)閲嶅共鎿鹃亱琛�锛屼笖鍚硅劔鍑虹殑姘ㄥ皪鐠�(hu谩n)澧冪敘(ch菐n)鐢熶簩娆℃薄鏌�銆�

鍥�銆佹姌榛炴隘鍖栨硶鍘婚櫎姘ㄦ爱

鎶橀粸姘寲娉曟槸灏囨隘姘ｆ垨娆℃隘閰搁垑閫氬叆寤㈡按涓皣寤㈡按涓殑NH3-N姘у寲鎴怤2鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鑴爱宸ヨ棟銆傚叾鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙〃绀虹偤锛�

NH4+鍗�1.5HOCl鈫�0.5N2鍗�1.5H2O鍗�2.5H+鍗�1.5Cl-

鐣�(d膩ng)姘埃閫氬叆寤㈡按涓仈(d谩)鍒版煇涓€榛炴檪姘翠腑娓搁洟姘惈閲忔渶浣�锛屾皑鐨勬績搴﹂檷鐐洪浂銆傜暥(d膩ng)姘埃閫氬叆閲忚秴閬庤┎榛炴檪锛屾按涓殑娓搁洟姘氨鏈冨澶�;鍥犳瑭查粸绋辩偤鎶橀粸锛岃┎鐙€鎱�(t脿i)涓嬬殑姘寲绋辩偤鎶橀粸姘寲銆傝檿鐞嗘皑姘虎姘存墍闇€鐨勫闅涙隘姘ｉ噺鍙栨焙浜庢韩搴�銆乸H鍊煎強姘ㄦ爱婵冨害銆傛哀鍖栨瘡鍏嬫皑姘渶瑕�9锝�10mg姘埃銆俻H鍊煎湪6锝�7鏅傜偤鏈€浣冲弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍗€(q奴)闁擄紝鎺ヨЦ鏅傞枔鐐�0.5锝�2灏忔檪銆�

鎶橀粸鍔犳隘娉曡檿鐞嗗悗鐨勫嚭姘村湪鎺掓斁鍓嶄竴鑸渶瑕佺敤娲绘€х⒊鎴栦簩姘у寲纭€�(j矛n)琛屽弽姘寲锛屼互鍘婚櫎姘翠腑娈樼暀鐨勬隘銆�1mg娈樼暀姘ぇ绱勯渶瑕�0.9锝�1.0mg鐨勪簩姘у寲纭�銆傚湪鍙嶆隘鍖栨檪鏈冪敘(ch菐n)鐢熸矮闆㈠瓙锛屼絾鐢辨寮曡捣鐨刾H鍊间笅闄嶄竴鑸彲浠ュ拷鐣�锛屽洜姝ゅ幓闄�1mg娈樼暀姘彧娑堣€�2mg宸﹀彸(浠aCO3瑷�)銆傛姌榛炴隘鍖栨硶闄ゆ皑姗熺悊濡備笅锛�

Cl2 + H2O 鈫� HOCl + H+ + Cl- NH4+ + HOCl 鈫� NH2Cl + H+ + H2O

NHCl2 + H2O 鈫� NOH + 2H+ + 2Cl- NHCl2 + NaOH鈫扤2 + HOCl + H+ + Cl-

鎶橀粸姘寲娉曟渶绐佸嚭鐨勫劒(y艒u)榛炴槸鍙€氶亷姝ｇ⒑鎺у埗鍔犳隘閲忓拰灏嶆祦閲忛€�(j矛n)琛屽潎鍖�锛屼娇寤㈡按涓叏閮ㄦ皑姘檷鐐洪浂锛屽悓鏅備娇寤㈡按閬�(d谩)鍒版秷姣掔殑鐩殑銆傚皪浜庢皑姘績搴︿綆(灏忎簬50mg/L)鐨勫虎姘翠締瑾�锛岀敤閫欑ó鏂规硶杓冪偤缍�(j墨ng)婵熴€傜偤浜嗗厠鏈嶅柈鐛ㄩ噰鐢ㄦ姌榛炲姞姘硶铏曠悊姘ㄦ爱寤㈡按闇€瑕佸ぇ閲忓姞姘殑缂洪粸锛屽父灏囨娉曡垏鐢熺墿纭濆寲閫ｇ敤锛屽厛纭濆寲鍐嶉櫎寰噺娈樼暀姘ㄦ爱銆傛隘鍖栨硶鐨勮檿鐞嗙巼閬�(d谩)90%锝�100%锛岃檿鐞嗘晥鏋滅┅(w臎n)瀹�锛屼笉鍙楁按婧奖闊�锛屽湪瀵掑喎鍦板崁(q奴)姝ゆ硶鐗瑰垾鏈夊惛寮曞姏銆傛姇璩囪純灏�锛屼絾閬嬭璨荤敤楂橈紝鍓敘(ch菐n)鐗╂隘鑳哄拰姘寲鏈夋鐗╂渻閫犳垚浜屾姹℃煋锛屾隘鍖栨硶鍙仼鐢ㄤ簬铏曠悊浣庢績搴︽皑姘虎姘淬€�

鐢卞弽鎳�(y墨ng)寮忓彲鐭�锛屽埌閬�(d谩)鎶橀粸鐨勭悊璜栭渶姘�(C12)閲忕偤7.6kg/kg(NH3-N)锛岃€屽闅涢渶姘噺鍦�8锝�10kg/kg(NH3-N)銆傚湪pH=6锝�7閫�(j矛n)琛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屽墖鎶曡棩閲忓彲鏈€灏�銆傛帴瑙告檪闁撲竴鑸偤0.5锝�2h銆傚毚(y谩n)鏍兼帶鍒秔H鍊煎拰鎶曟隘閲忥紝鍙笡灏戝弽鎳�(y墨ng)涓敓鎴愭湁瀹崇殑姘兒(濡侼Cl3)鍜屾隘浠ｆ湁姗熺墿銆�

鎶橀粸姘寲娉曞皪姘ㄦ爱鐨勫幓闄ょ巼閬�(d谩)90锝�100%锛岃檿鐞嗘晥鏋滅┅(w臎n)瀹�锛屼笉鍙楁按婧奖闊匡紝鍩哄缓璨荤敤涔熶笉楂�銆備絾鍏堕亱琛岃不鐢ㄩ珮;娈樹綑姘強姘唬鏈夋鐗╅爤閫�(j矛n)琛屽悗铏曠悊銆�

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