鎽� 瑕侊細鍒嗗垾閲囩敤纭吀鍜岄洐姘ф按灏嶆椿鎬х偔杩氳鏀规€�锛屾脯瀹氫簡鏀规€у悗娲绘€х偔鐨勮〃闈㈤潰绌嶅拰鍚哀瀹樿兘鍦�(tu谩n)鏁�(sh霉)閲�锛屼互鏀规€у悗鐨勬椿鎬х偔鐐哄惛闄勫姂锛岀敤浜庤檿鐞嗗惈閴婚浕閸嶅虎姘�銆傝€冨療浜� pH 鍊�銆佸惛闄勬檪闁撳拰鍚搁檮鍔戠敤閲忕瓑灏� Cr锛圴I锛夊幓闄ょ巼鐨勫奖闊�锛屽苟鐮旂┒浜嗗叾鍚搁檮绛夋韩绶�銆傜爺绌惰〃鏄庯紝鐩告瘮鏈敼鎬ф椿鎬х偔锛屾敼鎬у悗鐨勬椿鎬х偔鍚哀瀹樿兘鍦�(tu谩n)鏁�(sh霉)閲忔槑椤鍔�锛屽苟涓旀敼鎬у悗娲绘€х偔鏈夊埄浜庡皪寤㈡按涓� Cr锛圴I锛夌殑鍚搁檮锛岀稉(j墨ng)闆欐哀姘存敼鎬у悗鐨勬椿鎬х偔鐨勫惛闄勬晥鏋滄渶濂�銆�

闂�(gu膩n) 閸� 瑭烇細闆婚崓寤㈡按锛涙椿鎬х偔锛涘惈姘у畼鑳藉湗(tu谩n)

闆婚崓琛屾キ(y猫)鐨勫揩閫熷弾灞曪紝浼撮毃鐨勬槸澶ч噺鐨勯浕閸嶅虎姘存帓鍑猴紝鍏跺皪鐠�(hu谩n)澧冩薄鏌撻€犳垚浜嗕笉鍙€嗙殑鍤�(y谩n)閲嶅嵄瀹�锛屽悓鏅備篃鏈冨皪浜洪鐨勫仴搴烽€犳垚鍤�(y谩n)閲嶇殑濞佽剠銆傞浕閸嶅虎姘翠腑寰€寰€鏈冨惈鏈夊ぇ閲忕殑澶氱ó閲嶉噾灞洟瀛愶紙閴�銆侀妳銆侀幊绛夛級锛岄€欎簺閲戝爆闆㈠瓙鏈€绲傛渻闅ㄨ憲椋茬敤姘存簮鎴栨按鐢�(ch菐n)椤為鐗╄繗鍏ュ埌浜洪珨鍏�(n猫i)锛屽奖闊夸汉楂斿仴搴凤紝鍥犳蹇呴爤鍤�(y谩n)鏍兼帶鍒跺鎺掗浕閸嶅虎姘翠腑閲嶉噾灞惈閲�锛屽挨鍏舵噳(y墨ng)閲嶉粸鎺у埗姣掓€ц純澶х殑閴荤殑鎺掓斁銆�

闆婚崓寤㈡按閫氬父鐨勮檿鐞嗘柟娉曟湁鍖栧(xu茅)娌夋穩娉�銆侀浕瑙ｆ硶銆佽啘鍒嗛洟娉�銆佸惛闄勬硶绛�锛屽叾涓惛闄勬硶鏄瘮杓冪啊鍠�銆佸父瑕嬬殑鏂规硶锛屽叿鏈夎純濂藉惛闄勫姛鑳界殑娲绘€х偔涔熻渚嗚檿鐞嗛浕閸嶅虎姘�銆傛鏇夋叾[1]浠ョ敇钄楁福鐐哄師鏂�锛屾隘鍖栭媴鐐烘椿鍖栧姂鍒跺嚭鐨勬椿鎬х偔鍦ㄥ婧笅琛ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍑轰簡灏嶉壔闆㈠瓙杓冨ソ鐨勫惛闄勬晥鏋�銆傚嫉涔剧瓑鑰冨療浜嗘哺鐭炽€侀珮宥哄湡浠ュ強娲绘€х偔灏嶉浕閸嶆按涓妳闆㈠瓙鐨勫惛闄勮兘鍔�锛岀祼(ji茅)鏋滆〃鏄庢椿鎬х偔鐨勫惛闄勮兘鍔涙渶寮�(qi谩ng)銆傚湅鍏�(n猫i)瑷卞瀛�(xu茅)鑰呭皪娲绘€х偔铏曠悊闆婚崓寤㈡按宸茬稉(j墨ng)鍋氫簡璜稿鐮旂┒锛屽寘鎷绋娲绘€х偔鍚搁檮鎬ц兘鐮旂┒锛屾敼鎬ф椿鎬х偔鍚搁檮鎬ц兘鐮旂┒锛屽叾浠栨柟娉曡垏娲绘€х偔鍚搁檮鐩哥祼(ji茅)鍚堢殑鍚搁檮鎬ц兘鐮旂┒锛屼絾鏄皪娲绘€х偔鍚搁檮铏曠悊闆婚崓寤㈡按鐨勭爺绌堕倓涓嶅瀹屽杽锛屾湰鏂囦互娲绘€х偔鐐哄惛闄勫姂锛屾帰绱笉鍚屾敼鎬ф柟娉曚笅鐨勬椿鎬х偔灏嶉浕閸嶅虎姘翠腑閴婚洟瀛愮殑鍚搁檮鎬ц兘銆�

1 瀵﹂閮ㄥ垎

1.1 鏉愭枡鑸囨柟娉�

锛�1锛夎│鍔戯細娲绘€х偔銆佹矮姘у寲閳�銆佺～閰搞€侀洐姘ф按銆侀噸閴婚吀閴€锛屽寲瀛�(xu茅)绱�锛岃臣浜庡ぉ娲ョ櫨鎬濆寲瀛�(xu茅)鍝佹湁闄愬叕鍙搞€�

锛�2锛夋椿鎬х偔铏曠悊锛氬皣娲绘€х偔姘存礂闄ゅ幓娴伆鍜岄洔璩�(zh矛)锛屽湪 106 鈩冧笅骞茬嚗 36 h锛岀劧鍚庢敹闆嗗倷鐢�銆傚皣鏈檿鐞嗙殑娲绘€х偔瑷樼偤 AC銆傚垎鍒ュ彇 10 g 娲绘€х偔 AC锛屽彟鍙栭仼閲� 6 mol/L 鐨勭～閰告憾娑插拰闆欐哀姘存憾娑茬偤鏀规€у姂锛屽垎鍒ュ姞鍏ュ埌娲绘€х偔涓�锛�80 鈩冩按娴存亽婧敧鎷� 10 h锛屽彇鍑哄悗鍐� 106 鈩冧笅骞茬嚗 36 h锛屽叐绋檿鐞嗗悗鐨勬椿鎬х偔渚濇瑷樼偤 AC-1銆丄C-2銆� 锛�3锛夊虎姘撮厤鍒讹細閲囩敤閲嶉壔閰搁墍鍜屽幓闆㈠瓙姘撮厤鍒朵笉鍚屾績搴︾殑鍚壔寤㈡按銆�

1.2 瑭﹂鏂规硶

鍒嗗垾灏� 4 g 娲绘€х偔 AC銆丄C-1銆丄C-2 鍔犲叆 3 鍊嬬洓鏈� 20 mL 鐨勫惈 Cr锛圴I锛夋ā鎿虎姘寸殑閷愬舰鐡朵腑锛岀劧鍚庢尟钑╂敧鎷� 30 min锛屽彇鍏朵笂娓呮恫锛屽埄鐢ㄥ垎鍏夊厜搴︽硶娓畾铏曠悊鍚庣殑寤㈡按涓� Cr锛圴I锛夌殑鍚噺銆傚埄鐢ㄧ～閰稿拰姘哀鍖栭垑瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)寤㈡按 pH 鍊艰寖鍦嶏紙2~12锛�锛岀劧鍚庡緱鍒皃H 鍊煎皪 Cr锛圴I锛夊惛闄勬晥鏋滅殑褰遍熆锛涘湪 pH=3 鐨勬浠朵笅锛屾脯瀹氭椿鎬х偔鐨勫惛闄勫钩琛℃檪闁撳拰涓嶅悓鍔犻噺娲绘€х偔灏� Cr锛圴I锛夊惛闄勬晥鏋滅殑褰遍熆銆�

1.3 娓畾鏂规硶

锛�1锛夊虎姘翠腑 Cr锛圴I锛夊惈閲忛噰鐢� AA-7000 鍨嬪師瀛愬惛鏀跺垎鍏夊厜搴︼紙宄舵触浼佹キ(y猫)绠＄悊鏈夐檺鍏徃锛夎▓杩氳娓畾銆�

锛�2锛夊虎姘� pH 鍊奸噰鐢� PHSJ-4F 鍨嬫脯瀹氬剙杩氳娓畾锛堜笂娴烽浄纾侊級銆�

锛�3锛夋椿鎬х偔琛ㄥ緛?锛涢挌钑翠孩顑睍鍊岃粙F(tu谩n)閲囩敤Boehm 娉昜11,12]锛岀敳鍩烘鍋氭寚绀哄姂锛岀⒊閰告矮閳夋淮瀹氱晶鍩�锛岀⒊閰搁垑婊村畾缇у熀鍜岀景鍩�锛屾矮姘у寲閳夋淮瀹氱茎鍩�銆�

娲绘€х偔鐨勬瘮琛ㄩ潰绌嶉噰鐢� AUTOSORB-1 鍏ㄨ嚜鍕曟瘮琛ㄩ潰鍚搁檮鍎€锛堢編鍦嬪悍濉斿叕鍙革級杩氳娓畾锛屾脯瀹� 77 K 涓嬫ǎ鍝佺殑 N2鍚搁檮绛夋韩绶�锛屽垎鏋愭檪闁� 613.3 min锛岀敱 BET鏂圭▼瑷堢畻姣旇〃闈㈢⿳銆�

2 绲�(ji茅)鏋滆垏瑷庤珫

2.1 娲绘€х偔鐨勮〃寰佺祼(ji茅)鏋�

灏嶄笁绋椿鎬х偔杩氳浜嗘瘮琛ㄩ潰绌嶅拰鍚哀瀹樿兘鍦�(tu谩n)鏁�(sh霉)閲忕殑娓畾锛屽叾琛ㄥ緛绲�(ji茅)鏋滆琛� 1銆�


寰炶〃 1 涓彲浠ョ湅鍑�锛岀稉(j墨ng)閬庢敼鎬у悗鐨勬椿鎬х偔鐨勬瘮琛ㄩ潰绌嶆湁鎵€涓嬮檷锛岄€欏彲鑳芥槸鐢变簬閰稿寲鍜屾哀鍖栭亷绋嬩腑娲绘€х偔鐨勫井瀛旂祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)閬埌涓€瀹氱殑鐮村锛屽井瀛旀笡灏�锛屽ぇ瀛斿澶�锛屾瘮琛ㄩ潰绌嶄笅闄嶏紝浣嗕笅闄嶆瘮渚嬭純灏�锛屾敼鎬у悗鐨勬椿鎬х偔閭勬槸鍩烘湰淇濇寔姣旇純楂樼殑姣旇〃闈㈢⿳銆傚緸琛ㄤ腑閭勫彲浠ョ湅鍑虹稉(j墨ng)閬庢敼鎬у悗鐨勬椿鎬х偔鐨勫惈姘у畼鑳藉湗(tu谩n)鏁�(sh霉)閲忓拰绺芥暩(sh霉)閮介’钁楀鍔狅紝骞朵笖鐩告瘮 AC-1锛孉C-2 鐨勫惈姘у畼鑳藉湗(tu谩n)鐨勭附鏁�(sh霉)杓冨涓旂晶鍩哄拰缇板熀鏁�(sh霉)閲忚純澶�锛屼絾缇ュ熀鏁�(sh霉)閲忚純灏戙€傞€欏彲鑳芥槸鐢变簬姘у寲閬庣▼鑳藉皣鏇村鐨勭茎鍩烘哀鍖栫偤缇у熀鍜岀景鍩�銆�

2.2 pH 鍊煎皪鍚搁檮鏁堟灉鐨勫奖闊�

pH 鍊煎皪涓夌ó娲绘€х偔鍚搁檮 Cr锛圴I锛夌殑褰遍熆瑕嬪湒1銆傚緸鍦� 1 涓彲浠ョ湅鍑轰笁绋椿鎬х偔鐨勬渶浣冲惛闄勬浠堕兘鍦� 2~4 涔嬮枔锛岀敱浜庡挤(qi谩ng)閰哥挵(hu谩n)澧冧笅锛孋r6+琚倓鍘熺偤 Cr3+锛屽悗鑰呯殑闆㈠瓙鍗婂緫杓冨皬锛屾湁鍒╀簬娲绘€х偔鐨勫井瀛旂祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)灏嶅叾杩氳鍚搁檮銆備絾鍦ㄧ浉鍚� pH 鍊间笅娲绘€х偔 AC 鐨勫惛闄勬晥鏋滃皬浜庡叾浠栧叐绋�锛岄€欐槸鐢变簬鐩稿皪浜庢湭铏曠悊鐨勬椿鎬х偔锛岀稉(j墨ng)閬庨吀鍖栧拰姘у寲鍚庣殑娲绘€х偔鍏跺惈姘у畼鑳藉湗(tu谩n)鏁�(sh霉)閲忔彁楂�锛屽惈姘у畼鑳藉湗(tu谩n)甯惰矤(f霉)闆昏嵎锛屽彲浠ヨ垏甯舵闆昏嵎鐨勯噾灞洟瀛愯繗琛岄潨闆诲惛闄�锛屾墍浠ユ湁鏇村鐨勯噾灞洟瀛愯鍚搁檮銆傞毃钁� pH 鍊肩殑澧炲姞锛屽虎姘翠腑鐨� Cr6+涓嶈兘琚倓鍘熺偤 Cr3+锛屽虎姘翠腑涓昏浠ラ洟瀛愬崐寰戣純澶х殑 Cr6+鐐轰富锛孋r6+杩氬叆鍒版椿鎬х偔鐨勫井瀛斾腑杓冪偤鍥伴洠锛屾墍浠ユ椿鎬х偔灏� Cr锛圴I锛夌殑鍚搁檮璁婂樊銆�


2.3 鍚搁檮鏅傞枔灏嶅惛闄勬晥鏋滅殑褰遍熆

鍦� 25 鈩冧笅锛屽皪 3 绋椿鎬х偔鐨勫钩琛″惛闄勬檪闁撹繗琛屼簡娓畾锛屼笉鍚屽惛闄勬檪闁撲笅娲绘€х偔鍚搁檮 Cr锛圴I锛夌殑鍘婚櫎鐜囪畩鍖栧鍦� 2 鎵€绀�銆傚緸鍦� 2 鍙互鐪嬪嚭锛屽湪 40 min浠ュ悗 3 绋椿鎬х偔灏� Cr锛圴I锛夌殑鍘婚櫎鐜囧熀鏈钩绌�(w臎n)锛岄€欐槸鐢变簬娲绘€х偔鍚搁檮涓昏浠ョ墿鐞嗗惛闄勭偤涓�锛屽惛闄勯亷绋嬫槸閲戝爆闆㈠瓙棣栧厛寰炴恫鐩告摯(ku貌)鏁ｅ埌鍚搁檮鍔戣〃闈�锛岀劧鍚庡啀杩氬叆鍒板惛闄勫姂澶у瓟涓�锛屽啀鐢卞ぇ瀛旀摯(ku貌)鏁ｅ埌寰瓟涓紝涓斿井瀛旂祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)灞簬澶氬堡绔嬮珨绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岄噾灞洟瀛愯鍚搁檮鍒板井瀛斾腑鏄渶瑕佷竴瀹氱殑鏅傞枔锛屾墍浠ラ毃鏅傞枔鐨勫鍔犲惛闄勯噺涔熼€愭几澧炲姞鍏惰定浜庡钩绌�(w臎n)銆�

鍦ㄥ墠 25 min 涓夌ó娲绘€х偔鐨勫惛闄勯€熺巼骞句箮鏄浉鍚岀殑锛屽惛闄勬檪闁撹秴閬� 25 min 鍚�锛孉C 鐨勫惛闄勯€熺巼涓嬮檷杓冨揩涓旈仈(d谩)鍒板惛闄勫钩琛″悗鏈€绲� Cr锛圴I锛夌殑鍘婚櫎鐜囩磩鐐� 84%锛屼絾 AC-1 鍜� AC-2 灏� Cr锛圴I锛夌殑鍘婚櫎鐜囬仈(d谩)鍒颁簡 90%浠ヤ笂銆傞€欐槸鐢变簬鍦ㄥ惛闄勯枊濮嬩互鍚庯紝娲绘€х偔鐨勭墿鐞嗗惛闄勫拰闈滈浕鍚搁檮鏄悓鏅傚弾鐢熺殑锛屼絾闅ㄨ憲鍚搁檮鏅傞枔澧炲姞锛�3 绋椿鎬х偔鐨勭墿鐞嗗惛闄勯噺宸茬稉(j墨ng)鎺ヨ繎椋藉拰锛屼絾鏄敱浜� AC-1 鍜� AC-2 鐨勫惈姘у畼鑳藉湗(tu谩n)鏁�(sh霉)閲忔瘮 AC澶�锛屽墠鍏╄€呴倓鑳藉啀鍚搁檮涓€瀹氶噺鐨� Cr锛圴I锛�銆傚悓鏅傚彲浠ュ緸鍦栦腑鐪嬪嚭锛孉C-2 鐨勬渶绲傚幓闄ょ巼鐐� 92%姣� AC-1鐨勬渶绲傚幓闄ょ巼 90%绋嶉珮锛屼篃鏄敱浜� AC-2 鐨勫惈姘у畼鑳藉湗(tu谩n)鏁�(sh霉)閲忚純楂樻墍鑷�銆�

2.4 鍚搁檮绛夋韩绶�

2.4.1 娲绘€х偔鐢ㄩ噺灏嶅惛闄勬晥鏋滅殑褰遍熆

浠ユ績搴︾偤 20 mg/L 鐨勫惈 Cr锛圴I锛夋憾娑茬偤鍘熷寤㈡按婧舵恫锛屾脯瀹氫笁绋椿鎬х偔鍚搁檮骞宠　鏅傚虎姘翠腑 Cr锛圴I锛夋績搴�锛屽緱鍒颁笁绋椿鎬х偔鐨勭敤閲忚垏 Cr锛圴I锛夌殑鍘婚櫎鐜囩殑璁婂寲闂�(gu膩n)绯�锛岄棞(gu膩n)绯绘洸绶氬鍦� 3銆傚緸鍦� 3 鍙互鐪嬪嚭锛岄仈(d谩)鍒扮浉鍚岀殑 Cr锛圴I锛夊幓闄ょ巼娲绘€х偔 AC 鐨勭敤閲忔瘮鍏朵粬鍏╃ó娲绘€х偔鐨勮澶�锛孉C-1 鍜� AC-2 閬�(d谩)鍒扮浉鍚岀殑鍘婚櫎鐜囩敤閲忓咕涔庝竴妯�銆傝鏄庢湭缍�(j墨ng)鏀规€х殑娲绘€х偔鍏跺惛闄勫閲忓皬浜庢敼鎬у悗鐨勬椿鎬х偔鐨勶紝閫欓儴鍒嗗惛闄勫閲忓樊鐣板彲鑳藉氨鏄敼鎬у悗鐨勬椿鎬х偔鏈夋洿澶氱殑鍚哀瀹樿兘鍦�(tu谩n)锛屽鍔犱簡娲绘€х偔鐨勯潨闆诲惛闄勶紝寰炶€屽鍔犱簡娲绘€х偔鐨勬暣鍊嬪惛闄勫閲�銆�


2.4.2 鍚搁檮绛夋韩绶氱爺绌�

鏍规摎(j霉)鍦� 3浣滃嚭涓夌ó娲绘€х偔鐨勫惛闄勭瓑婧窔濡傚湒 4銆�



鐢卞湒 4 鍙互鐪嬪嚭锛屽ぇ澶氭暩(sh霉)鍚搁檮绗﹀悎 Freundlich 鏂圭▼Q=KC1/n锛孮 琛ㄧず鍠綅璩�(zh矛)閲忔椿鎬х偔鍚搁檮 Cr锛圴I锛夌殑閲忥紙mg/g锛�锛孋 琛ㄧず鍚搁檮骞宠　鏅傚虎姘存憾娑蹭腑 Cr锛圴I锛夌殑鍚噺锛孠 琛ㄧず鐐轰竴瀹氭韩搴︿笅锛�1 鍠綅璩�(zh矛)閲忔椿鎬х偔鍚搁檮寤㈡按涓� 1 鍠綅璩�(zh矛)閲忔績搴� Cr锛圴I锛夌殑鍚搁檮閲忥紝n琛ㄧず鏁村€嬪惛闄勭殑闆ｅ害銆�

鍦� 25 鈩冧笅锛屽皪涓夌ó娲绘€х偔鐨勫惛闄勯亷绋嬮噰鐢‵reundlich 鏂圭▼杩氳鎿悎锛屾摤鍚堟柟绋嬬殑鍙冩暩(sh霉)瑕嬭〃 2銆�


鍚屾檪鏍规摎(j霉)琛� 2涓弮鏁�(sh霉)寰楀埌涓夌ó娲绘€х偔鍚搁檮寤㈡按涓� Cr锛圴I锛夌殑 Freundlich 鏂圭▼鍒嗗垾鐐猴細QAC=1.50C0.987锛� QAC-1=1.98C0.898锛孮AC-2=2.53C0.774锛屽叾涓� AC-2 鐨� n鍊兼渶澶э紝AC-1 娆′箣锛孉C 鐐烘渶灏�锛屽彲浠ュ緱鍒板惛闄勬€ц兘寰為珮鍒颁綆渚濇鐐� AC-2>AC-1>AC銆傜暥(d膩ng)鍙冩暩(sh霉) K 鍜� n纰哄畾鍚�锛屽惈 Cr锛圴I锛夊虎姘寸殑婵冨害璁婂寲灏嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨� Q 鍊兼渻鏈変竴瀹氱殑璁婂寲鑼冨湇锛屽虎姘翠腑閴绘績搴﹁純浣庢檪锛孮 鍊艰純澶�锛孋r锛圴I锛夊幓闄ょ巼澧炲ぇ锛涚浉鍙嶏紝寤㈡按涓壔婵冨害杓冮珮鏅�锛孋r锛圴I锛夊幓闄ょ巼鏈冩笡灏忥紝鎵€浠ュ湪鏈爺绌朵腑鏀规€у拰鏈敼鎬х殑娲绘€х偔閮介仼瀹滆檿鐞嗚純浣庨壔婵冨害鐨勯浕閸嶅虎姘�銆�

3 绲�(ji茅) 璜� 

锛�1锛� 涓夌ó娲绘€х偔鐨勬渶浣冲惛闄� pH 鍊艰寖鍦嶆槸2~4锛岀稉(j墨ng)閬庨吀鍖栧拰姘у寲鍚庣殑娲绘€х偔锛屽叾琛ㄩ潰鐨勫惈姘у畼鑳藉湗(tu谩n)鏁�(sh霉)閲忔槑椤澶�锛屽叾鍚搁檮鑳藉姏涔熷寮�(qi谩ng)锛屽悓鏅傛哀鍖栬檿鐞嗗悗娲绘€х偔鐨勫惈姘у畼鑳藉湗(tu谩n)澶氫簬閰稿寲鐨�銆�

锛�2锛変笁绋椿鎬х偔鐨勫惛闄勬€ц兘澶у皬闋嗗簭鐐篈C-2>AC-1>AC锛屾洿澶氱殑鍚哀瀹樿兘鍦�(tu谩n)鏈夊埄浜庢椿鎬х偔灏� Cr锛圴I锛夌殑闈滈浕鍚搁檮锛屽緸鑰屾彁楂樼附鍚搁檮閲�銆傚悓鏅備笁绋椿鎬х偔閮借純閬╁疁铏曠悊浣庢績搴﹀惈閴婚浕閸嶅虎姘淬€�