鍌崇当(t菕ng)鐨勭敓娲绘薄姘磋檿鐞�宸ヨ棟鍦ㄨ静(n贸ng)鏉戞噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ瓨鍦ㄥ缓瑷�(sh猫)鑸囬亱(y霉n)鐕熸垚鏈お楂樼殑鍟忛锛岃静(n贸ng)鏉戞暎鎴剁敓娲绘薄姘撮€氬父鍍呯稉(j墨ng)閬庝笁鏍煎寲绯炴睜鎴栬€呭洓鏍�鍑堝寲姹�(涓夋牸鍖栫碁姹�+浜哄伐婵曞湴)铏曠悊鍚庯紝鎺掑叆婧濇笭鍖叆闄勮繎鐨勯瓪濉�銆佹渤娴�銆佹箹娉婄瓑锛屽皪(du矛)鑷劧姘撮珨鐨勬按璩�(zh矛)閫犳垚鍤�(y谩n)閲嶅▉鑴匸1-2]锛岄潰婧愭薄鏌撻ⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)鍤�(y谩n)閲嶃€傞嚌灏�(du矛)杈�(n贸ng)鏉戞暎鎴剁敓娲绘薄姘撮噺宸暟澶�銆佹薄鏌撴簮鐩稿皪(du矛)鍒嗘暎銆佸彲鐢熷寲鎬уソ銆佹薄鏌撶墿婵冨害杓冮珮绛夌壒榛�(di菐n)[3]锛屽埄鐢ㄨ静(n贸ng)鎴跺懆閭婇瓪濉�銆佽静(n贸ng)鐢版(g貌u)寤烘繒鍦�锛屼娇姹℃煋鐗╅€�(j矛n)涓€姝ラ檷瑙ｅ悗鍐嶉€�(j矛n)鍏ヨ嚜鐒舵按楂旂殑妞嶇墿淇京(f霉)鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛屽叿鏈夋晥鏋滃ソ銆佹姇璩囬亱(y霉n)琛屾垚鏈綆銆佹櫙瑙€鏁堟灉濂�銆佽兘鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熶竴瀹氱殑缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鍍�(ji脿)鍊肩瓑鍎�(y艒u)榛�(di菐n)锛屾垚鐐哄垎鏁ｈ静(n贸ng)鏉戠敓娲绘薄姘存不鐞嗙殑棣栭伕宸ヨ棟涔嬩竴[4]銆傞€欓婵曞湴鐨勫噲鍖栨(j墨)鐞嗘槸渚濋潬妞嶇墿鐨勫惛闄�/鍚告敹浣滅敤銆佸井鐢熺墿浣滅敤鍜岀墿鐞嗗寲瀛�(xu茅)浣滅敤[5]鍏卞悓灏�(du矛)姹℃按閫�(j矛n)琛屽噲鍖栬檿鐞�锛屽叾閬�(y霉n)琛屾晥鏋滅殑闂�(gu膩n)閸靛洜绱犳槸妞嶇墿椤炲瀷銆傜洰鍓�锛岄棞(gu膩n)浜庢按鐢熸鐗╁噲鍖栬兘鍔涚殑鐮旂┒寰堝[6-9]锛屼富瑕佹槸姣旇純涓嶅悓妞嶇墿灏�(du矛)涓嶅悓姹℃煋绋嬪害姘撮珨鐨勪慨寰�(f霉)鏁堟灉锛岀敱浜庡悇鐮旂┒鐨勫(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)姊濅欢銆佹鐗╁搧绋€侀€�(j矛n)姘存績搴︾瓑瀛樺湪宸暟锛屾鐗╁湪姹℃按铏曠悊绯荤当(t菕ng)涓幓姹¤兘鍔涗笉鍚岋紝绲﹁ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鑸囨柦宸ュ柈浣嶉伕鎿囧噲鍖栬兘鍔涘挤(qi谩ng)鐨勬鐗╅€犳垚鍥伴洠銆傚洜鑰岀閬稿嚭鍏锋湁椤憲鍘绘薄鐗规€х殑姘寸敓妞嶇墿锛屾垚鐐烘鐗╀慨寰�(f霉)鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐨勯棞(gu膩n)閸典箣涓€銆�

鎿�(j霉)瑾�(di脿o)鏌�锛岃静(n贸ng)鏉戞暎鎴剁敓娲绘薄姘翠腑涓昏姹℃煋鐗╁嚭姘存績搴︾偤 TN(绺芥爱)27.6~159.3 mg 路 L-1銆乀P(绺界７)1.58~18.16 mg路L-1銆丆ODC(r鍖栧(xu茅)闇€姘ч噺)80.9~313.2 mg路L-1銆丯H3 - N(姘ㄦ爱)21.3~148.9 mg 路 L-1銆丼S(鎳告诞鍥洪珨)151.0~685.0 mg路L-1[10-11]锛屾湰鐮旂┒鍦ㄨō(sh猫)瀹氱殑妯℃摤鍖栬静(n贸ng)鏉戞暎鎴剁敓娲绘薄姘村嚭姘存績搴︿笅锛屾瘮杓� 29 绋按鐢熸鐗╁噲鍖栫郴绲�(t菕ng)灏�(du矛)姹℃煋鐗╃殑鍘婚櫎鏁堟灉锛岄€氶亷鑱氶鍒嗘瀽绡╅伕鍑轰竴鎵瑰噲鍖栨晥鏋滃ソ鐨勬按鐢熸鐗�锛岀偤杈�(n贸ng)鏉戝垎鏁ｇ敓娲绘薄姘撮潰婧愭薄鏌撴按鐢熸厠(t脿i)淇京(f霉)鎻愪緵鎶€琛�(sh霉)鍙冭€冭垏鐞嗚珫渚濇摎(j霉)銆�

1 鏉愭枡鑸囨柟娉�

1.1 渚涜│鏉愭枡

浠ュ父瑕嬬殑29 绋按鐢熸鐗╃偤鏉愭枡锛屾鐗╁搧绋琛�1銆�


1.2 瑭﹂(y脿n)鏂规硶

瑭﹂(y脿n)浜�2017 骞�7鈥�9 鏈堝湪涓崡鏋楁キ(y猫)绉戞妧澶у(xu茅)鑻楀渻鍏�(n猫i)閫�(j矛n)琛�锛岄伕鍙栬檿浜庣敓闀锋椇鐩涙湡鐨勬鐗╋紝鐢ㄩ暦脳瀵楅珮=0.80 m脳0.70 m脳0.80 m 鐨勭矖闄舵按缂搁€�(j矛n)琛岄湶澶╅伩闆ㄧ几鏍借│椹�(y脿n)锛屾瘡缂哥ó妞嶇殑鍚岄妞嶇墿鍒濆鐢熺墿閲忓ぇ鑷翠繚鎸佷竴鑷�锛屽苟瑷�(sh猫)缃劇妞嶇墿灏�(du矛)鐓э紝姣忓€�(g猫)铏曠悊瑷�(sh猫)缃� 3 鍊�(g猫)閲嶅京(f霉)銆傚熀璩�(zh矛)鐐虹窗(x矛)鐮�锛屾繁搴︾偤 25.00 cm銆傚湪鑷劧鍏夌収銆侀伩闆ㄦ浠朵笅鐢ㄩ潨缃� 1 d 鐨勮嚜渚嗘按鍩硅偛姘寸敓妞嶇墿 10 d锛屽緟妞嶇墿姝ｅ父鐢熼暦鍚庝竴娆℃€у姞鍏ヤ腑鍗楁灄妤�(y猫)绉戞妧澶у(xu茅)鏍″崁(q奴)鍖栫碁姹犲嚭姘�锛屾ā鎿静(n贸ng)鏉戞暎鎴剁敓娲绘薄姘�锛屾渶绲傚(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)姘撮珨 TN 鐐� 31.76~31.97 mg路L-1锛孴P 鐐� 3.89~3.94 mg路L-1锛孋ODCr 鐐�178.87~178.98 mg路L-1锛孨H3-N 鐐�23.58~23.69 mg路L-1锛孲S 鐐�166.65~166.77 mg路L-1锛宲H 鐐�6.96~7.01銆傜敓闀烽亷绋嬩腑锛屾瘡闅�15 d 灏�(du矛)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)缂镐腑姘磋唱(zh矛)閫�(j矛n)琛岄噰妯ｅ垎鏋愶紝姣忔閲囨按妯� 100 mL锛岃│椹�(y脿n)鍛ㄦ湡鐐� 75 d銆傝│椹�(y脿n)涓敤闈滅疆 1 d鐨勮嚜渚嗘按姣�5 d 瑁�(b菙)鍏呭洜钂哥櫦(f膩)钂搁ò鍙婅│椹�(y脿n)閲囨ǎ鎼嶈€楃殑姘村垎銆傛瘡缂告按娣卞绲備繚鎸佸湪50 cm銆�

1.3 鍒嗘瀽鏂规硶

TN閲囩敤鍫挎€ч亷纭吀閴€娑堣В绱鍒嗗厜鍏夊害娉�(HJ 636鈥�2012);TP 閲囩敤閴吀閵ㄥ垎鍏夊厜搴︽硶(HJ 671鈥�2013);CODCr 閲囩敤閲嶉壔閰搁菇娉�(HJ 828鈥�2017);NH3-N 閲囩敤绱嶆皬瑭﹀姂鍒嗗厜鍏夊害娉�(HJ 535鈥�2009);SS 閲囩敤閲嶉噺娉曘€€銆€(GB 11901鈥�1989);pH 閲囩敤閰稿害瑷�(j矛)娓噺銆�

(1)鐢熺墿閲忚畩鍖栭噺=绋75 d 鐢熺墿閲�-绋0 d 鐢熺墿閲�

(2)姹℃按涓薄鏌撶墿鍘婚櫎妞嶇墿鏁堟噳(y墨ng)妞嶇墿鏁堟噳(y墨ng)=(C0-C-C 鈥�)/C0脳100%寮忎腑锛欳0 鐐烘薄鏌撶墿鍒濆婵冨害;C 鐐烘薄鏌撶墿鏈€绲傛績搴�;C 鈥茬偤灏�(du矛)鐓х祫姹℃煋鐗╂績搴︺€�

(3)闅稿爆鍑芥暩(sh霉)鍊艰▓(j矛)绠楁柟娉�


寮忎腑锛歓ij 鐐篿 妞嶇墿j 鎸囨(bi膩o)鐨勫幓姹￠毟灞嚱鏁�(sh霉)鍊�;Xij 鐐篿 妞嶇墿j 鎸囨(bi膩o)鐨勬脯瀹氬€�;Xi min鍜孹i max鍒嗗垾鐐哄悇妞嶇墿鍚屼竴鎸囨(bi膩o)鍊肩殑鏈€灏忓€煎拰鏈€澶у€�銆�

1.3 鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍒嗘瀽

鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍒嗘瀽閲囩敤 SPSS 19.0銆�

2 绲�(ji茅)鏋滆垏鍒嗘瀽

2.1 姘寸敓妞嶇墿鐢熺墿閲忚畩鍖栭噺

瑭﹂(y脿n) 75 d 鍚庢按鐢熸鐗╃敓鐗╅噺璁婂寲閲�(鍦� 1)鍦ㄦ瘡缂�125.40~1 212.30 g 涔嬮枔锛屽钩鍧囧€肩偤508.90 g銆傚叾涓�锛岀編浜鸿晧銆佽槅钁︺€侀吵鐪艰摦鐢熺墿閲忚畩鍖栭噺鍏锋湁椤憲鎬у劒(y艒u)鍕�锛屾按钄�銆佸啀鍔涜姳銆佽姳钁夎槅绔�銆侀钂�銆佽尛鑽�銆佽悕钃崏銆佸ぇ钖�銆佹棻鍌樿崏鐨勭敓鐗╅噺璁婂寲閲忓ぇ浜�29 绋鐗╃殑骞冲潎鍊�銆傜敓鐗╅噺璁婂寲閲忔槸琛￠噺妞嶇墿鐢熼暦鐙€娉佸強閬╁疁鎬х殑涓€鍊�(g猫)閲嶈鎸囨(bi膩o)锛岀祼(ji茅)鏋滆〃鏄庝互涓婃鐗╁潎鑳介仼鎳�(y墨ng)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)涓殑姹℃按鐠�(hu谩n)澧�锛屽叿鏈夊緢濂界殑鑰愭薄鑳藉姏銆�

2.2 姘寸敓妞嶇墿灏�(du矛)TN 鐨勫幓闄ゆ晥鏋�

鐢�29 绋按鐢熸鐗╁皪(du矛)TN 鐨勫幓闄ゆ晥鏋�(琛�2)鍙互鐪嬪嚭锛屼笉鍚屾按鍔涘仠鐣欐檪(sh铆)闁�(HRT)鏅�(sh铆) TN 鐨勫噲鍖栨晥鏋滃叿鏈夐’钁楀樊鐣版€�(P<0.05)锛屼絾瑭﹂(y脿n)涓悗鏈烪RT 灏�(du矛)鑿栬挷銆侀Μ韫勮摦銆侀吵鐪艰摦銆佽彵浠ュ強鎵€鏈夋矇姘存鐗╃殑鍘婚櫎鏁堟灉褰遍熆涓嶉’钁�銆侶RT 鍦�30 d 鍜�45 d 鏅�(sh铆)槌崇溂钃噲鍖栬兘鍔涙槑椤劒(y艒u)浜庡叾浠栨鐗┿€�15 d 鍚庤姟瀵�(sh铆)鍜岃彵鐨勫噲鍖栬兘鍔涢仠浜庡叾浠栨鐗�銆�75 d 瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)绲�(ji茅)鏉熸檪(sh铆)锛�29 绋鐗╁噲鍖朤N 鐨勬鐗╂晥鎳�(y墨ng)鐐�6.21%~26.66%锛岃姳钁夎槅绔�銆侀钂�銆佺編浜鸿晧銆佽槅钁﹀皪(du矛)TN 鐨勫噲鍖栧叿鏈夐’钁楀劒(y艒u)鍕�(P<0.05)锛屽噲鍖栬兘鍔涜純寮�(qi谩ng)銆�




2.3 姘寸敓妞嶇墿灏�(du矛)NH3-N 鐨勫幓闄ゆ晥鏋�

鐢� 29 绋按鐢熸鐗╁皪(du矛)NH3-N 鐨勫幓闄ゆ晥鏋�(琛� 3)鍙互鐪嬪嚭锛屼笉鍚� HRT 鏅�(sh铆)NH3-N 鐨勫噲鍖栨晥鏋滃叿鏈夐’钁楀樊鐣版€�(P<0.05)锛屽湪瑭﹂(y脿n)60 d 鍚嶩RT 灏�(du矛)寰峰湅槌跺熬銆侀Μ韫勮摦銆佺潯钃�銆佽彵銆佺嫄灏捐椈銆佽吉钁夐粦钘汇€佷紛妯傝椈鐨勫幓闄ゆ晥鏋滃奖闊夸笉椤憲銆侶RT 鍦�30 d 鍜�45 d 鏅�(sh铆)槌崇溂钃殑鍑堝寲鑳藉姏鍎�(y艒u)浜庡叾浠�28 绋鐗�锛屽噲鍖栭€熺巼杓冨揩锛�45 d 鍚庡噲鍖栬兘鍔涙笡寮便€傝姟瀵�(sh铆)鍜岃彵鍦ㄨ│椹�(y脿n)涓噲鍖栬兘鍔涢仠浜庡叾浠栨鐗�銆� 75 d 瑭﹂(y脿n)绲�(ji茅)鏉熸檪(sh铆)锛�29 绋鐗╁噲鍖朜H3-N 鐨勬鐗╂晥鎳�(y墨ng)鐐� 7.03%~23.92%锛岃槅钁﹀皪(du矛) NH3-N 鐨勫噲鍖栧叿鏈夐’钁楀劒(y艒u)鍕�(P<0.05)锛屽噲鍖栬兘鍔涜純寮�(qi谩ng)銆�


2.4 姘寸敓妞嶇墿灏�(du矛)TP 鐨勫幓闄ゆ晥鏋�

鐢�29 绋按鐢熸鐗╁皪(du矛)TP 鐨勫幓闄ゆ晥鏋�(琛�4)鍙互鐪嬪嚭锛屼笉鍚� HRT 鏅�(sh铆)TP 鐨勫噲鍖栨晥鏋滃叿鏈夐’钁楀樊鐣版€�(P<0.05)锛屽湪瑭﹂(y脿n)涓悗鏈烪RT 灏�(du矛)鑿栬挷銆佽姳钁夎槅绔�銆佽尛鑽�銆佺編浜鸿晧銆侀吵鐪艰摦銆佽槅钁�?sh霉)濞溿偝類剐ь巰缁婃嚃浼橜钁�銆侶RT 鍦� 30 d 鍜� 45 d 鏅�(sh铆)槌崇溂钃殑鍑堝寲鑳藉姏鍎�(y艒u)浜庡叾浠� 28 绋鐗�锛屽噲鍖栭€熺巼杓冨揩锛�45 d 鍚庡噲鍖栬兘鍔涙笡寮�銆傞钂�銆佽槅钁﹀湪45 d 鍚庡噲鍖栬兘鍔涘劒(y艒u)浜庡叾浠栨鐗�锛岄噾榄氳椈銆佽吉钁夐粦钘汇€佽悕钃崏鍦�60 d 鍓嶅噲鍖栬兘鍔涢仠浜庡叾浠栨鐗�锛屼箣鍚庡噲鍖栬兘鍔涙彁楂樸€�75 d 瑭﹂(y脿n)绲�(ji茅)鏉熸檪(sh铆)锛�29 绋鐗╁噲鍖朤P 鐨勬鐗╂晥鎳�(y墨ng)鐐� 17.40%~28.13%銆傞钂�銆佽槅钁﹀皪(du矛) TP 鐨勫噲鍖栧叿鏈夐’钁楀劒(y艒u)鍕�(P<0.05)锛屽噲鍖栬兘鍔涜純寮�(qi谩ng)銆�


2.5 姘寸敓妞嶇墿灏�(du矛)CODCr鐨勫幓闄ゆ晥鏋�

鐢�29 绋按鐢熸鐗╁皪(du矛)CODCr鐨勫幓闄ゆ晥鏋�(琛�5)鍙互鐪嬪嚭锛屼笉鍚孒RT 鏅�(sh铆)CODCr 鐨勫噲鍖栨晥鏋滃叿鏈夐’钁楀樊鐣版€�(P<0.05)銆傞吵鐪艰摦鍑堝寲鑳藉姏鍎�(y艒u)浜庡叾浠� 28 绋鐗�锛屽噲鍖栭€熺巼杓冨揩銆侶RT 鍦�30 d 鍜�45 d 鏅�(sh铆)妲愯憠钀嶇殑鍑堝寲鑳藉姏杓冨挤(qi谩ng)锛屽悗鏈熷噲鍖栬兘鍔涙笡寮�銆傝尛鑽夊湪 45 d 鍜� 60 d 鍑堝寲鑳藉姏閬滀簬鍏朵粬妞嶇墿锛屼箣鍚庡噲鍖栬兘鍔涙彁楂�銆�75 d 瑭﹂(y脿n)绲�(ji茅)鏉熸檪(sh铆)锛�29 绋鐗╁噲鍖朇ODCr 鐨勬鐗╂晥鎳�(y墨ng)鐐� 7.47%~18.62%锛岄吵鐪艰摦灏�(du矛) CODCr 鐨勫噲鍖栧叿鏈夐’钁楀劒(y艒u)鍕�(P<0.05)锛屽噲鍖栬兘鍔涜純濂�銆�

2.6 姘寸敓妞嶇墿灏�(du矛)SS 鐨勫幓闄ゆ晥鏋�

鐢�29 绋按鐢熸鐗╁皪(du矛)SS 鐨勫幓闄ゆ晥鏋�(琛�6)鍙互鐪嬪嚭锛屼笉鍚� HRT 鏅�(sh铆)SS 鐨勫噲鍖栨晥鏋滃叿鏈夐’钁楀樊鐣版€�(P<0.05)銆傝槅钁�30 d 鍚庡噲鍖栬兘鍔涘劒(y艒u)浜庡叾浠�28 绋鐗�锛屽噲鍖栭€熺巼杓冨揩銆侶RT 鍦�15 d 鍜�30 d 鏅�(sh铆)寰峰湅槌跺熬鍑堝寲鑳藉姏杓冨急锛孒RT 鍦�30 d 鍜�45 d 鏅�(sh铆)鑺″(sh铆)鍑堝寲鑳藉姏杓冨急锛屽悗鏈熷噲鍖栬兘鍔涘寮�(qi谩ng)銆�75 d 瑭﹂(y脿n)绲�(ji茅)鏉熸檪(sh铆)锛�29 绋鐗╁噲鍖朣S 鐨勬鐗╂晥鎳�(y墨ng)鐐� 8.90%~13.00%銆傝槅钁﹀皪(du矛)SS 鐨勫噲鍖栧叿鏈夐’钁楀劒(y艒u)鍕�(P<0.05)锛屽噲鍖栬兘鍔涜純濂�銆�

2.7 姘寸敓妞嶇墿鐢熺墿閲忚畩鍖栭噺鑸囧悇姹℃煋鐗╁噲鍖栫巼鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鎬у垎鏋�

灏�(du矛)鍥涢姘寸敓妞嶇墿鐢熺墿閲忚畩鍖栭噺鑸囧洓椤炴按鐢熸鐗╁皪(du矛)5 绋薄鏌撶墿鐨勬鐗╂晥鎳�(y墨ng)閫�(j矛n)琛岀浉闂�(gu膩n)鎬у垎鏋�(琛�7)锛屾尯姘存鐗╃敓鐗╅噺璁婂寲閲忚垏鎸烘按妞嶇墿灏�(du矛)SS鐨勬鐗╂晥鎳�(y墨ng)鍛堟サ椤憲姝ｇ浉闂�(gu膩n)闂�(gu膩n)绯�(P<0.01)锛屾紓娴鐗╃敓鐗╅噺璁婂寲閲忚垏婕傛诞妞嶇墿灏�(du矛)TN銆丆ODCr 鐨勬鐗╂晥鎳�(y墨ng)鍛堥’钁楁鐩搁棞(gu膩n)闂�(gu膩n)绯�(P<0.05)锛岀祼(ji茅)鏋滆〃鏄�锛屾尯姘存鐗╁皪(du矛)SS 鐨勫噲鍖栬兘鍔�锛屾紓娴鐗╁皪(du矛)TN銆丆ODCr鐨勫噲鍖栬兘鍔涘彈鐢熺墿閲忚畩鍖栭噺鐨勫奖闊胯純澶�銆�


2.8 姘寸敓妞嶇墿鍑堝寲鑳藉姏鑱氶鍒嗘瀽

绡╅伕鍑堝寲鑳藉姏寮�(qi谩ng)鐨勬按鐢熸鐗╁搧绋�锛屼笉鍍呰姹傚叾灏�(du矛)姹℃煋鐗╁叿鏈夎純楂樼殑妞嶇墿鏁堟噳(y墨ng)锛屽悓鏅�(sh铆)瑕佹眰鍏跺噲鍖栭€熺巼涔熻楂�銆傚洜姝ゅ皣姘寸敓妞嶇墿鐨勭敓鐗╅噺璁婂寲閲�锛屾按鐢熸鐗╁皪(du矛)TN銆丯H3-N銆乀P銆丆ODCr銆丼S 鐨勬鐗╂晥鎳�(y墨ng)锛屼互鍙婃鐗╁噲鍖栨晥鏋滈仈(d谩)鍒般€婂煄閹�(zh猫n)姹℃按铏曠悊寤犳薄鏌撶墿鎺掓斁妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)銆�(GB/T18918鈥�2002)涓€绱�(j铆)A 妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐨勬檪(sh铆)闁撲綔鐐虹閬告寚妯�(bi膩o)锛屽緱鍒�29 绋按鐢熸鐗╃閬告寚妯�(bi膩o)鐨勫钩鍧囬毟灞嚱鏁�(sh霉)鍊�(琛�8)锛屽彲姣旇純鍑哄悇妞嶇墿闁撶殑鍑堝寲鑳藉姏寮�(qi谩ng)寮便€傛尯姘存鐗╀腑铇嗚懄銆侀钂层€佽姳钁夎槅绔�銆佺編浜鸿晧鍑堝寲鑳藉姏杓冨挤(qi谩ng)锛屾诞钁夋鐗╀腑鐫¤摦鍑堝寲鑳藉姏杓冨挤(qi谩ng)锛屾紓娴鐗╀腑槌崇溂钃噲鍖栬兘鍔涜純寮�(qi谩ng)锛屾矇姘存鐗╀腑浼婃▊钘�銆佽嫤鑽夊噲鍖栬兘鍔涜純寮�(qi谩ng)銆傚皪(du矛)姘寸敓妞嶇墿鍑堝寲鑳藉姏寮�(qi谩ng)寮遍噰鐢ㄧ祫闁撻€ｆ帴鏂规硶閫�(j矛n)琛岀郴绲�(t菕ng)鑱氶鍒嗘瀽(鍦�2)锛屽彲灏�29 绋按鐢熸鐗╁垎鐐轰笁澶ч锛氶珮鍑堝寲鑳藉姏妞嶇墿鐐鸿槅钁�銆侀吵鐪艰摦銆侀钂�銆佽姳钁夎槅绔�銆佺編浜鸿晧;涓瓑鍑堝寲鑳藉姏妞嶇墿鐐烘棻鍌樿崏銆侀Μ韫勮摦銆佸ぇ钖�銆佺潯钃�銆佹钁夎悕銆佷紛妯傝椈銆佹豢姹熺磪銆佹按钄�銆佽嫤鑽�銆佽彇钂�銆侀噾榄氳椈銆佸崈灞堣彍銆佽嵎鑺�銆佽悕钃崏銆佹榄氳崏銆佽尛鑽�銆佺嫄灏捐椈銆佸啀鍔涜姳銆佽徆鑽夈€佽吉钁夐粦钘�銆佸痉鍦嬮扯灏�銆佽姟瀵�(sh铆)銆侀粌鑿栬挷;浣庡噲鍖栬兘鍔涙鐗╃偤鑿便€�

3 瑷庤珫

鏈爺绌堕’绀烘尯姘存鐗╀腑铇嗚懄銆侀钂�銆佽姳钁夎槅绔�銆佺編浜鸿晧鍑堝寲鑳藉姏杓冨挤(qi谩ng)锛屾诞钁夋鐗╀腑鐫¤摦鍑堝寲鑳藉姏杓冨挤(qi谩ng)锛屾紓娴鐗╀腑槌崇溂钃噲鍖栬兘鍔涜純寮�(qi谩ng)锛屾矇姘存鐗╀腑浼婃▊钘�銆佽嫤鑽夊噲鍖栬兘鍔涜純寮�(qi谩ng)锛岄€欒垏鍓嶄汉灏�(du矛)姘寸敓妞嶇墿鍑堝寲鑳藉姏鐨勭爺绌剁祼(ji茅)鏋滃熀鏈竴鑷碵13-20]銆傚噲姘存(j墨)鐞嗕富瑕佸寘鎷鐗╃殑鍚搁檮/鍚告敹浣滅敤銆佸井鐢熺墿浣滅敤鍜岀墿鐞嗗寲瀛�(xu茅)浣滅敤[11]銆傛按鐢熸鐗╁皪(du矛)浜庡噲姘存晥鏋滅殑鎻愬崌闄や簡妞嶇墿鏈韩灏�(du矛)姹℃煋鐗╃殑鍚搁檮浣滅敤锛岄倓鍙互閫氶亷鏍圭郴鐨勬硨姘т綔鐢ㄤ績閫�(j矛n)寰敓鐗╃殑绻佹畺锛屽緸鑰屽挤(qi谩ng)鍖栨按鐢熸鐗╃郴绲�(t菕ng)灏�(du矛)姹℃按鐨勫噲鍖栨晥鏋淸21]銆傛湁鐮旂┒璀夋槑槌崇溂钃�銆佺嫄灏捐椈绛夋按鐢熸鐗╁皪(du矛)姘€佺７鐨勫幓闄や富瑕佷緷闈犳鐗╁惛闄勪綔鐢╗22]銆傛湰鐮旂┒瑭﹂(y脿n)绲�(ji茅)鏉熸檪(sh铆)锛岀劇妞嶇墿灏�(du矛)鐓х祫鍙互鍑堝寲澶ч儴鍒嗘薄鏌撶墿鎴愬垎锛岃€屽悇妞嶇墿灏�(du矛)姹℃煋鐗╃殑鍘婚櫎鐜囧儏鍗� 10%~20% 宸﹀彸锛岃鏄庡井鐢熺墿浣滅敤銆佺墿鐞嗗寲瀛�(xu茅)浣滅敤鏄湰瑭﹂(y脿n)姹℃按鍑堝寲鐨勪富瑕佹(j墨)鐞�锛岄€欒垏妤婃泬娉23]鐨勭爺绌剁祼(ji茅)鏋滀竴鑷达紝鍏跺彲鑳藉師鍥犳槸姹℃按杓冪偤娓炬縼锛屾矇娣€鐗╄唱(zh矛)灏�(du矛)姹℃按涓薄鏌撶墿婵冨害鏈変竴瀹氬奖闊�銆備絾鏄鐗╃殑绋鍙互鏈夋晥鎻愰珮姹℃煋鐗╃殑鍘婚櫎鐜�锛岄€欎富瑕佷締鑷簬妞嶇墿鏈韩鍚告敹銆佸惛闄勪綔鐢ㄤ互鍙婃牴闅涙鐗╂彁楂樺井鐢熺墿娲绘€х殑浣滅敤锛屽叾绺介珨浣滅敤鍗崇偤妞嶇墿鏁堟噳(y墨ng)[21]銆�


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