5銆佸児(ji脿)鏍煎拰绋呮敹闅滅

銆€銆€鑸囪兘鏁堟帾鏂戒竴妯�锛屽鏋滃皪(du矛)鍌崇当(t菕ng)鑳芥簮鐨勫児(ji脿)鏍奸€�(j矛n)琛岃(b菙)璨兼垨瑾�(di脿o)鏁�锛屼娇鍏跺苟闈炲熀浜庡(sh铆)闅涘児(ji脿)鏍�锛岄偅涔堝彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎺柦灏辨矑(m茅i)鏈夊劒(y艒u)鍕�(sh矛)銆傚湪鍗板害锛岀暥(d膩ng)杈�(n贸ng)鏉戦浕鍔涘拰鏌存补鐨勫児(ji脿)鏍煎緱鍒板緢澶ц(b菙)璨兼檪(sh铆)锛屼互娌兼埃鐧�(f膩)闆绘垨鍏朵粬鍙啀鐢熻兘婧愭妧琛�(sh霉)鐐哄嫊(d貌ng)鍔涚殑姘存车灏卞緢闆ｈ垏鏌存补鍜岄浕鍕�(d貌ng)姘存车绔�(j矛ng)鐖�(zh膿ng)锛圡artinot et al. 2002锛夈€傚湪鐧�(f膩)灞曚腑鍦�(gu贸)瀹剁殑杈�(n贸ng)鏉戝湴鍗€(q奴)锛岄浕鍔涚殑鍍�(ji脿)鏍煎線寰€涓嶈兘鍙嶆槧闆荤恫(w菐ng)鎿�(ku貌)灞曠殑鍏ㄩ儴鎴愭湰銆傜洝绠″お闄�(y谩ng)鑳絇V绯荤当(t菕ng)閫欑ó鍙啀鐢熻兘婧愭妧琛�(sh霉)瀵�(sh铆)闅涗笂姣旀摯(ku貌)灞曢浕缍�(w菐ng)鍏锋湁鏇翠綆鐨勬垚鏈�锛屼絾鐢变簬涓婅堪鍘熷洜锛岄€欑ó鍒嗘暎寮忕殑鎶€琛�(sh霉)涔熷緱涓嶅埌鍒╃敤銆�

銆€銆€鍍忎笂鏂囨彁鍒扮殑锛岃兘婧愬児(ji脿)鏍煎緢灏戝弽鏄犲偝绲�(t菕ng)鑳芥簮鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍜屾噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄤ腑鑸囩ぞ鏈�(hu矛)鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鐨勫叏閮ㄦ垚鏈�锛岄€欏叾涓寘鎷ぞ鏈�(hu矛)鍜岀挵(hu谩n)澧冩垚鏈�銆傚悓妯ｏ紝鍏敤浜嬫キ(y猫)鎻愪緵鐨勫洖璩�(g貌u)鍍�(ji脿)鏍间篃涓嶈兘鍙嶆槧鍑哄彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鐨勫叏閮�?j墨)?y艒u)榛�(di菐n)锛屾瘮濡備緵鎳�(y墨ng)澶氭ǎ鎬х殑鍍�(ji脿)鍊�銆佺郴绲�(t菕ng)绌�(w臎n)瀹氭€х殑鎻愰珮銆佸嘲闆婚渶姹傜殑娓涘皯锛岀瓑绛夈€傞€欎簺鍍�(ji脿)鏍肩殑澶辩湡浣垮彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮寰堥洠鑸囧偝绲�(t菕ng)鑳芥簮绔�(j矛ng)鐖�(zh膿ng)銆�

銆€銆€绋呮敹鏀跨瓥鏈�(hu矛)闃荤璩囬噾瀵嗛泦鍨嬬殑鍙啀鐢熻兘婧愭妧琛�(sh霉)鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆傜暥(d膩ng)瑷�(j矛)绠楁墍寰楃▍鏅�(sh铆)锛屼紒妤�(y猫)鍙互寰炴敹鍏ヤ腑鎵ｉ櫎璩�(g貌u)璨�(m菐i)鐕冩枡鐨勮不(f猫i)鐢紝鍗诲繀闋堝湪瑷卞骞翠腑鐐哄彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮瑷�(sh猫)鍌欐姌鑸�銆備竴浜涘湅(gu贸)瀹跺皪(du矛)鍙啀鐢熻兘婧愭妧琛�(sh霉)鎴栭儴浠讹紙渚嬪PV闆绘睜鍜岄ⅷ(f膿ng)鍔涙甫杓(j墨)锛夊緛鏀跺緢楂樼殑閫�(j矛n)鍙ｇ▍锛岀敱姝よ€屾彁楂樹簡浠栧€戠殑鎴愭湰銆傜浉灏�(du矛)浜庢彁渚涚郸鍌崇当(t菕ng)鍖栫煶鑳芥簮鐨�“鎶樿€楁触璨�”绛夌▍鏀舵笡鍏嶆斂绛栵紝鍙啀鐢熻兘婧愭妧琛�(sh霉)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曟渻(hu矛)鍙楀埌闃荤鈶�銆�

       6銆佺鍒跺拰鍏敤浜嬫キ(y猫)闅滅

銆€銆€鍏敤浜嬫キ(y猫)鏈�(hu矛)閫氶亷(gu貌)浠ヤ笅绋ó鏂瑰紡闃荤鍙啀鐢熻兘婧愮殑鐧�(f膩)灞�锛屽瑷�(sh猫)绔嬬箒鐟ｇ殑鍏�(n猫i)鑱�(li谩n)瑕佹眰锛屽皪(du矛)浜庣郸闆荤恫(w菐ng)鎻愪緵鐨勯澶栭浕鍔涙嫆绲曟敮浠樺悎鐞嗚不(f猫i)鐢ㄦ垨鎻愪緵闀�(zh菐ng)鏈熷悎鍚�锛屾垨鑰呰ō(sh猫)绔嬪京(f霉)闆滅殑鐢宠珛(q菒ng)绋嬪簭銆傞偅浜涘彧鏈�20 kW鐢氳嚦鏇村皬鐨勫彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮闋�(xi脿ng)鐩殑鐧�(f膩)灞曞晢娌�(m茅i)鏈夋檪(sh铆)闁撳拰璨�(c谩i)鍔涜垏鍏敤浜嬫キ(y猫)鍠綅灏变竴鍊�(g猫)鍊�(g猫)闋�(xi脿ng)鐩殑鍏�(n猫i)閮ㄨ伅(li谩n)绲�(lu貌)鍜岄浕鍔涢姺(xi膩o)鍞珖鍒ゅ叿楂旀娆�銆�

銆€銆€闆嗕腑寮忓彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮闋�(xi脿ng)鐩殑閬稿潃鍜岃珫璀変篃鏈�(hu矛)鑺辫不(f猫i)澶ч噺鏅�(sh铆)闁撳拰璩囬噾銆備緥濡�锛屽湪涓归亥鍜屽痉鍦�(gu贸)寰堝鏄撶偤澶у瀷棰�(f膿ng)鍔涚櫦(f膩)闆婚爡(xi脿ng)鐩伕鍧€鍜屽畨瑁濓紝浣嗛€欏湪鎸▉鍜岀憺鍏稿嵒寰堥洠瀵�(sh铆)鏂斤紙Jacobsson and Johnson 2000锛�銆�

       7銆佹斂绛栭殰绀�

銆€銆€鐢变簬鍌崇当(t菕ng)瑙€(gu膩n)蹇�銆佹妧琛�(sh霉)鐨勭啛鎮夌▼搴︿互鍙婂父瑕�(gu墨)鑳芥簮宸ユキ(y猫)鐨勮(gu墨)妯�銆佺稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鍔涢噺鍜屾斂娌诲奖闊跨瓑鍥犵礌锛岃ū澶氬湅(gu贸)瀹舵洿鍋忔剾(脿i)甯歌(gu墨)鐨勫寲鐭崇噧鏂欒硣婧愬拰鐧�(f膩)闆绘妧琛�(sh霉)锛岃€屼笉澶帴鍙楀彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎶€琛�(sh霉)銆傚湪涓€浜涚櫦(f膩)灞曚腑鍦�(gu贸)瀹�锛岀敱浜庨爡(xi脿ng)鐩(gu墨)妯″皬銆佹妧琛�(sh霉)寰�(f霉)闆溿€侀ⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)鎬ч珮鍜屽叾浠栦竴浜涘洜绱�锛屼竴浜涢噸瑕佹(j墨)妲�(g貌u)锛屽涓栫晫閵€琛屽拰澶氶倞鐧�(f膩)灞曢妧琛屾嫆绲曠偤鍙啀鐢熻兘婧愰爡(xi脿ng)鐩彁渚涜哺娆撅紙Martinot 2001锛�銆�

銆€銆€鍜岃兘鏁堟帾鏂戒腑鐨勪緥瀛愮浉鍚�锛屾棦寰楀埄鐩婇泦鍦�(tu谩n)鍦ㄦ斂娌昏垶鑷�(t谩i)涓婂皪(du矛)鏈夊埄浜庡彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鐨勬斂绛栨柦鍔犲鍔�锛岄樆绀欏彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ€傞浕鍔涘叕鐢ㄤ簨妤�(y猫)鍠綅銆佸寲鐭崇噧鏂欏埗閫犲晢鍙婂偝绲�(t菕ng)鑳芥簮鎶€琛�(sh霉)閵�(xi膩o)鍞晢閫氬父鍙嶅皪(du矛)鐐哄彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎻愪緵缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)榧撳嫷(l矛)鍜屽競鍫�(ch菐ng)浠介銆備緥濡傚湪20涓栫磤(j矛)90骞翠唬锛屽痉鍦�(gu贸)鍦ㄦ摯(ku貌)灞曢ⅷ(f膿ng)鍔涚櫦(f膩)闆绘檪(sh铆)灏辩鍒伴亷(gu貌)閫欑ó闃荤銆傚垢閬�(y霉n)鐨勬槸锛岄ⅷ(f膿ng)鍔涙甫杓(j墨)鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍟嗗拰鐢ㄦ埗(h霉)鍦ㄨ伅(li谩n)閭﹁闄腑鐨勬姇绁ㄤ腑浠ュ井寮卞劒(y艒u)鍕�(sh矛)鎿婃晽澶у瀷鍏敤浜嬫キ(y猫)鍠綅闂�(gu膩n)浜庡墛娓涘皪(du矛)棰�(f膿ng)鍔涚櫦(f膩)闆荤殑璨�(c谩i)鏀跨崕(ji菐ng)鍕�(l矛)鐨勬彁璀帮紙Jacobsson and Johnson 2000锛�銆�

銆€銆€鍦ㄧ編鍦�(gu贸)锛屽ぇ澶氭暩(sh霉)鍦�(gu贸)瀹剁礆(j铆)鐨勫拰瑷卞宸炵殑闆诲姏鍏敤浜嬫キ(y猫)鍠綅鍙嶅皪(du矛)鍙啀鐢熻兘婧愮櫦(f膩)闆诲皪(du矛)闆诲姏鐨勫競鍫�(ch菐ng)鍗犳湁銆傚悓妯ｏ紝鐭虫补鍏徃涔熷弽灏�(du矛)鍜岄樆姝㈠彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐕冩枡鐨勫競鍫�(ch菐ng)鍗犳湁?锛熺◢鍋曨寭鑼夊瀭顦絀(y猫)鐩稿皪(du矛)鑰岃█閭勪笉澶犳垚鐔�锛屽拰鍌崇当(t菕ng)鑳芥簮渚涙噳(y墨ng)鍟嗙浉姣�锛屽湪鏀挎不鑸炶嚭(t谩i)涓婄殑褰遍熆鍔涜灏忓緱澶�銆�

銆€銆€閫欎簺浜掔浉鑱�(li谩n)绯荤殑闅滅鐐哄彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎶€琛�(sh霉)甯朵締(l谩i)浜嗗緢澶у晱(w猫n)椤�锛屽湪浠婂ぉ鐨勫競鍫�(ch菐ng)涓婂彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鍜屽偝绲�(t菕ng)鑳芥簮鐨勭(j矛ng)鐖�(zh膿ng)姝ｈ檿浜庝竴鍊�(g猫)鍥伴洠鏅�(sh铆)鏈熴€備笂杩伴殰绀欓檺鍒跺彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鐨勯枆缍�(w菐ng)鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�锛屽彟涓€浜涘墖鏇村鏄皪(du矛)鍏惰伅(li谩n)缍�(w菐ng)闄愬埗銆傚鏋滄矑(m茅i)鏈夋湁閲濆皪(du矛)鎬х殑鏀跨瓥涓诲嫊(d貌ng)鍘诲厠鏈嶉€欎簺闅滅锛屽彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎶€琛�(sh霉)鍦ㄦ湭渚�(l谩i)骞惧崄骞翠腑灏囧彧鏈�(hu矛)淇濇寔鍦ㄥ緢灏忕殑鑼冨湇涓�锛屽彧鑳界偤鍏ㄤ笘鐣岀殑鑳芥簮渚涙噳(y墨ng)浣滃嚭妤靛皬鐨勮并鐛�(xi脿n)銆�

       绲�(ji茅)  璜�

銆€銆€瑷卞闅滅闄愬埗浜嗚兘鏁堢殑鎻愰珮鍜屽彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆傛湁浜涙槸鎶€琛�(sh霉)鍘熷洜锛屼緥濡傚彲鍒╃敤鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佺殑闄愬埗鍜岃唱(zh矛)閲忓晱(w猫n)椤岋紝鏈変簺鏄汉鐐哄洜绱�锛屼緥濡傚皪(du矛)鑳芥簮鍟�(w猫n)椤屼笉澶犻噸瑕栨垨鍦ㄩ噰璩�(g貌u)鏅�(sh铆)鍙棞(gu膩n)蹇冩渶浣庣殑鍒濇湡鎴愭湰銆傚叾浠栦竴浜涢殰绀欐槸鐢变簬甯傚牬(ch菐ng)鎿嶄綔鏂瑰紡鐨勭己闄峰紩璧风殑锛屼緥濡傝兘婧愬児(ji脿)鏍艰(b菙)璨硷紝鑳芥簮鍍�(ji脿)鏍兼矑(m茅i)鏈夎€冩叜绀炬渻(hu矛)鍜岀挵(hu谩n)澧冩垚鏈�锛屾垨娑堣不(f猫i)鑰呰硣瑷婁笉瓒崇瓑銆傞倓鏈変簺闅滅闂�(gu膩n)绯诲埌鍦�(gu贸)瀹舵斂绛栧拰鍒跺害锛屼緥濡傜己涔忓皪(du矛)鑳芥晥鍜屽彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎺柦鏈夊惛寮曞姏鐨勮硣閲戯紝鐝�(xi脿n)鏈夋硶瑕�(gu墨)涓嶅埄浜庤兘鏁堟垨鍙啀鐢熻兘婧愭帾鏂界殑鍒╃敤锛屾垨鑰呯▍鏀舵斂绛栦篃涓嶅埄浜庨€欎簺鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曠瓑銆�

銆€銆€鍦ㄦ湰绔犺◣璜栫殑瑷卞闅滅閮藉彲浠ラ€氶亷(gu貌)闁�(k膩i)鏄庣殑鍏叡鏀跨瓥渚�(l谩i)娑堥櫎銆傚寘鎷挙閵�(xi膩o)鍍�(ji脿)鏍艰(b菙)璨�锛屼娇鑳芥晥鍜屽彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎶€琛�(sh霉)寰楀埌鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�锛屾彁楂橀€欎簺鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐨勬€ц兘锛屾暀鑲插拰鍩硅〒(x霉n)娑堣不(f猫i)鑰呰姹備娇鐢ㄤ竴瀹氱殑鑳芥晥鍜屽彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎺柦锛屾垨鎻愪緵渚垮埄鐨勮硣閲戠瓑銆備絾鏄紝鍏朵粬鐨勯殰绀�锛岃濡傚皪(du矛)鑳芥簮鍟�(w猫n)椤屼笉澶犻噸瑕栦互鍙婂皪(du矛)鍒濇湡鎴愭湰鑰屼笉鏄敓鍛藉懆鏈熸垚鏈殑闂�(gu膩n)娉ㄧ瓑锛屽潎鐒�(w煤)娉曢€氶亷(gu貌)鍏叡鏀跨瓥娑堥櫎銆備絾鍍忚病(c谩i)鏀挎縺鍕�(l矛)鍜屾硶瑕�(gu墨)閫欓(l猫i)鏀跨瓥鍗诲彲浠ュ厠鏈嶉€欎簺鏅亶鐨勯殰绀欍€傛湁闂�(gu膩n)閫欎簺鍏叡鏀跨瓥鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍜屾噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ皣鍦ㄥ悗闈㈠叐绔犱腑閲嶉粸(di菐n)浠嬬垂銆�