姝愮洘鍦嬪鐨勬薄姘磋檿鐞�鐝�(xi脿n)鐙€鈥旀娉�

灏嶄簬姝愭床鍚勫湅渚嗚锛屽垢閬嬬殑鏄矑鏈夊毚(y谩n)閲嶇殑姘存柟闈㈢殑鍟忛锛岃濡傚ぇ鑼冨湇鐨勬椽姘存硾婵�銆佸共鏃辨垨澶ц寖鍦嶇殑姘磋硣婧愮煭缂猴紝鑰屼笖锛屼篃鏈敹鍒伴€氶亷姘存簮浣滅偤鍌虫挱娓犻亾鐨勮嚧鍛界殑鍌虫煋鎬х柧鐥呯殑鍥版摼?锛熷偖w涓婁締瑾�锛屾瓙娲茬殑姘磋硣婧愮媭娉佽壇濂姐€備絾鏄�锛岃垏姝ゅ悓鏅備篃瀛樺湪钁椾竴浜涘▉鑴呭埌銆佸奖闊垮埌姘磋唱(zh矛)鐙€娉佺殑鍟忛銆�

鍥犳锛岀偤淇濊瓑鍦ㄦ瓙娲茶寖鍦嶅収(n猫i)姘磋唱(zh矛)鍜屾按閲忕殑鍙寔绾�(x霉)鐧�(f膩)灞�锛屾瓙鍏卞悓鍒跺畾浜嗚钃嬮潰寤ｆ硾鐨勫熀绀�(ch菙)娉曡(gu墨)銆� 姝愭床鐨勬按璩囨簮鐨勭媭娉佹绱嶅涓嬶細

闆栫劧鑷緸涓婂€嬩笘绱€(j矛)涔濆崄骞翠唬璧�锛屾瓙鍏遍珨鎻愬嚭浜嗚閬斿埌鐨勬按璩�(zh矛)鐩(bi膩o)锛屼絾鏄渤娴佹按璩�(zh矛)骞舵矑鏈夊畬鍏ㄦ敼鍠�銆�

鍥犺静(n贸ng)妤�(y猫)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鎺掓斁纭濋吀楣芥墍寮曡捣鐨勬渤娴併€佹箹娉�銆佹按搴€佹捣宀稿拰娴锋按鐨勫瘜鐕熼(y菐ng)闈㈡簮姹℃煋閭勫湪涓嶆柗澧為暦锛屽悓鏅傦紝灏嶅叾鎵€鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鍗卞鎬т及瑷堜笉瓒�銆�

鍦ㄩ亷鍘荤殑骞惧勾涓紝鐢变簬鍦ㄥ伐妤�(y猫)鏂归潰銆佸湪姹℃按铏曠悊鏂归潰閲囧彇浜嗕竴浜涙帾鏂�锛屽苟涓斿湪瀹跺涵涓噰鐢ㄧ劇纾风殑娲楁粚鍔戯紝鍥犺€�锛岀７鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鎺掓斁閲忓凡娓涘皯銆�

鍦ㄦ瓙娲插湴涓嬫按鍗犻２鐢ㄦ按姘存簮鐨�65%銆備絾鏄�锛屽湴涓嬫按鐨勬按璩�(zh矛)銆佸強鍏跺紩璧风殑浜洪珨鍋ュ悍姝ｅ彈鍒版績搴﹂亷楂樼殑纭濋吀楣�銆佹锜插姂銆侀噸閲戝爆銆佺⒊姘村寲鍚堢墿鍜屾湁姗熸隘鍖栫墿绛夌殑濞佽剠銆�

姝愭床鍚勫湅灏嶄簬姘磋硣婧愮殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ悇涓嶇浉鍚�銆傚湪鍦颁腑娴峰湅瀹�锛屾按璩囨簮涓昏琚敤浜庤静(n贸ng)妤�(y猫)鐏屾簤銆傝€屽皪浜庡寳姝愯鍦嬩締瑾紝姘磋硣婧愪富瑕佺敤浜庢豢瓒冲眳姘�銆佸叕鐪句簨妤�(y猫)銆佸晢妤�(y猫)鐨勯渶姹傘€�

姝愭床鍚勫湅灏嶄簬姘磋硣婧愮殑绠＄悊鏄浉鐣�(d膩ng)寰�(f霉)闆滅殑銆傛瓙鐩熺殑鍚勬垚鍝″湅灏嶄簬姘磋唱(zh矛)鍜屾薄姘磋檿鐞嗙殑瑙€榛炲悇涓嶇浉鍚�锛屾湁鏅傜敋鑷虫槸鐩镐簰灏嶇珛鐨�銆傛湁浜涘湅瀹惰獚(r猫n)鐐烘湰鍦嬬稉(j墨ng)婵熺櫦(f膩)灞曞彈鍒颁簡姝愭床鐨勭挵(hu谩n)澧冧繚璀锋硶瑕�(gu墨)鐨勯檺鍒�銆傚彟澶栵紝閭勫瓨鍦ㄨ憲娌虫祦姘撮珨閭婄晫涓嶆竻鍜屾按婧愭薄鏌撶殑鍟忛銆�

鍦ㄦ瓙娲�锛屾煇浜涙渤娴佹祦缍�(j墨ng)涓嶅悓鐨勫崁(q奴)鍩熷拰鍦嬪锛屽叾娴佸煙鐨勪笉鍚屾鍒嗗垾鐢变笉鍚岀殑琛屾斂閮ㄩ杸鎴栧湴鍗€(q奴)鍠綅绠＄悊锛岄渶瑕佷簰鐩搁枔鐨勫悎浣滆垏鏀寔銆�

1.1銆佹瓙鐩熷湪姘磋硣婧愮鐞嗙殑绔嬫硶鏂归潰鍙垎鐐轰笁鍊嬮殠娈碉細

绗竴闅庢鐐�1975骞撮€氶亷鐨勬湁闂�(gu膩n)鍦拌〃姘寸殑娉曡(gu墨)鍜�1980骞撮€氶亷鐨勬湁闂�(gu膩n)椋茬敤姘寸殑娉曡(gu墨)銆備富瑕佹槸閲濆皪涓嶅悓椤炲瀷鐨勬按婧愬拰涓嶅悓鐢ㄩ€旂殑姘寸殑姘磋唱(zh矛)锛�

婕佹キ(y猫)椁�(y菐ng)娈栨按銆佽矟椤為(y菐ng)娈栨按銆佹父娉虫按銆佸湴涓嬫按銆�

绗簩闅庢涓昏閲濆皪鎺掓斁妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)銆傚湪閫欐柟闈㈡湁鍏╅儴閲嶈鐨勬硶瑕�(gu墨)锛�1991骞撮€氶亷鐨勭閰搁菇娉曡(gu墨)鍜屽煄甯傛薄姘磋檿鐞嗙殑娉曡(gu墨)(UWTD)銆俇WTD 鐨勪富瑕佸収(n猫i)瀹规槸锛�

鎵€鏈夊凡寤烘垚鐨勫崁(q奴)鍩燂紝鏍规摎(j霉)鍏惰(gu墨)妯″拰鎵€铏曠殑浣嶇疆锛屽繀闋堝湪 1998锛�2000鎴� 2005骞村簳浠ュ墠閫愭寤虹珛璧锋薄姘存敹闆嗙郴绲�(t菕ng)鍜岃檿鐞嗙郴绲�(t菕ng)銆�

鏍规摎(j霉)鎺ュ彈姘撮珨灏嶆薄鏌撶殑鏁忔劅绋嬪害锛屽皣铏曠悊姹℃按铏曠悊娣卞害鍒嗙偤涓€绱氳檿鐞嗐€佷簩绱氳檿鐞嗘垨 涓夌礆铏曠悊姹℃按铏曠悊宸ヨ棟鍙互鐢变笁绱氶€ｇ簩(x霉)鐨勮檿鐞嗗伐钘濆拰琚ū鐐洪爯(y霉)铏曠悊鐨勫垵绱氳檿鐞嗗伐钘濈祫鎴�銆�

闋�(y霉)铏曠悊鏄€氶亷姗熸铏曠悊锛屽鏍兼煹銆佹矇娣€鎴栨埃娴�锛屽幓闄ゆ薄姘翠腑鎵€鍚殑鐭冲銆佺爞鐭冲拰鑴傝偑銆佹补鑴傜瓑銆�

涓€绱氳檿鐞嗘槸閫氶亷娌夋穩姹犳垨姘ｆ诞姹犲幓闄ゆ嚫娴殑鍥洪珨鐗┿€�

浜岀礆铏曠悊鏄敓鐗╄檿鐞嗭細姹℃按涓殑姹℃煋鐗╁湪寰敓鐗╃殑浣滅敤涓嬭闄嶈В鍜岃綁(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤姹℃偿銆�

涓夌礆铏曠悊鏄薄姘寸殑娣卞害铏曠悊锛屽畠鍖呮嫭鐕熼(y菐ng)鐗╃殑鍘婚櫎鍜岄€氶亷鍔犳隘銆佺传澶栬蓟灏勬垨鑷哀鎶€琛�(sh霉)灏嶆薄姘撮€茶娑堟瘨銆�

UWTD鐨勫埗瀹氭槸鐐轰簡鏀瑰杽姘撮珨鐨勬按璩�(zh矛)銆傛湭缍�(j墨ng)铏曠悊鐨勬薄姘寸殑鎺掓斁鏄瓙娲叉渶椤憲鐨勬按鍟忛涔嬩竴銆傚悇鎴愬摗鍦嬭姳璨讳簡澶ч噺鐨勮硣閲戠敤浜庢薄姘存敹闆嗗拰铏曠悊瑷�(sh猫)鏂界殑寤鸿ō(sh猫)銆�

绗笁闅庢鐐哄幓骞撮€氶亷鐨勬柊鐨勬按楂旂郴鐨勬硶瑕�(gu墨)(WFD)銆俉FD灏囨帓鏀炬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍜屾按璩�(zh矛)鐩(bi膩o)鏈夋鍦扮祼(ji茅)鍚堝湪涓€璧�銆俉FD鐨勪富瑕佺祫鎴愰儴鍒嗘槸锛�

姝愭床鐨勬墍鏈夌殑姘磋硣婧愬皣鍙楀埌閫欎竴娉曡(gu墨)鐨勪繚璀�(鍦拌〃姘淬€佸湴涓嬫按銆侀亷娓℃按楂斿拰娌挎捣姘撮珨)鎵€鏈夐€欎簺姘撮珨鏈€绲傚繀闋堥仈鍒拌壇濂界殑鐙€鎱�(t脿i)銆�

涓€绋皣鎺掓斁妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍜屾按璩�(zh矛)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)绲�(ji茅)鍚堣捣渚嗙殑鏂扮殑鏂规硶灏囪鐢ㄤ締瀵︾従(xi脿n)閫欎簺鐩(bi膩o);姝ｅ鏌愪簺鎴愬摗鍦嬪凡缍�(j墨ng)閫茶鐨�锛屾寜娴佸煙瑷�(sh猫)缃鐞嗘妲�(g貌u)锛岃檿鐞嗘墍鏈夌殑姘磋硣婧愬晱椤�;姘寸殑涓昏鍍瑰€兼噳(y墨ng)闆嗕腑楂旂従(xi脿n)鐐烘按鍍�锛屽悓鏅傚挤鍖栬姹℃煋瑾颁粯璨荤殑鍘熷墖;灞呮皯鍊戝皣鏇村鍦扮祼(ji茅)鍚堝湪姘磋硣婧愮鐞嗛亷绋嬩腑;娉曡(gu墨)灏囪鏇寸啊鍖栵紝浣嗘洿鏈夋晥鍦板煼(zh铆)琛�銆�

1.2銆佹瓙娲插湅瀹舵薄姘磋檿鐞嗘妧琛�(sh霉)鐨勬瘮杓冪爺绌�

鍦ㄩ€欐柟闈㈢殑姣旇純鐮旂┒閭勬槸寰堝尡涔忕殑銆傛湁鍏╁€嬬爺绌舵垚鏋滃€煎緱澶у娉ㄦ剰銆�

涓€鏄�1994骞存按鐮旂┒涓績鎻愬嚭鐨勭爺绌跺牨鍛�锛岃┎鍫卞憡鐢辩暥(d膩ng)鏅�12鍊嬫瓙鐩熸垚鍝″湅鐨勬薄娉ヨ檿鐞嗚垏铏曠疆鐨勫皥瀹跺畬鎴�;

浜屾槸1997骞村湪鍓岴WPCA鎸囧皫(d菐o)涓嬮€茶鐨勭爺绌讹紝鍏跺皪15鍊嬫瓙娲插湅瀹跺湪姹℃按铏曠悊鏂归潰鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鐨勮榛�銆佹暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍜屼笉鍚屽舰寮忕殑鍫卞憡閫茶浜嗘瘮杓冦€傛澶�锛岀敱Kraemer 鍏堢敓鍜孯udolph 鍏堢敓鍚堜綔瀹屾垚鐨勬湁闂�(gu膩n)閮ㄥ垎姝愭床鍦嬪鐨勬薄姘磋檿鐞嗚不鐢ㄧ殑姣旇純 銆�

1.2.1銆佺洰妯�(bi膩o)

鍦ㄩ€欑ó鑳屾櫙涓�锛屾垚绔嬩簡涓€鍊嬬敱渚嗚嚜浜庢按璩囨簮绠＄悊銆佸虎妫勭墿绠＄悊鍜屽伐绋嬬祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鏂归潰鐨勫皥瀹剁祫鎴愮殑灏堝绲�(BWK) 閫茶鈥滃湅闅涙薄姘�鍑堝寲鎶€琛�(sh霉)鍜岃不鐢ㄧ殑姣旇純鐮旂┒鈥�銆�

鍦ㄩ€欏€嬬爺绌跺皬绲勬垚绔嬩箣鍓�锛岀附閮ㄨō(sh猫)鍦–ologne鐨凙EW-Plan宸ョ▼鍏徃鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鏂归潰鐨勮姹傛浘灏嶆瓙娲�6鍦嬪湪姹℃按鍑堝寲鎶€琛�(sh霉)鍜岃不鐢ㄦ柟闈㈤€茶浜嗚┏鐩″湴姣旇純銆傞€� 6 鍊嬪湅瀹舵槸寰峰湅銆佷腹楹�銆佹硶鍦嬨€佹剰澶у埄銆佽嵎铇拰鐟炲＋銆�

1.2.2銆佸熀绀�(ch菙)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)

鍦ㄨ鐮旂┒鐨勯€欏叚鍊嬪湅瀹朵腑锛岃嵎铇殑浜哄彛瀵嗗害鏈€楂�锛屽叾娆℃槸寰峰湅銆傚湅鍦熼潰绌嶆渶澶х殑娉曞湅锛屼汉鍙ｅ瘑搴︽渶浣�銆傚彟澶�锛岄潰绌嶈純灏忕殑涓归亥鍜岃嵎铇殑鍩庡競浜哄彛鐨勬瘮渚嬮珮浜庡痉鍦�銆�

鐢变簬閫欎簺鍦嬪閮借檿鍦ㄤ腑姝愭埃鍊欏付涓�锛屾墍浠ュ悇鍦嬬殑骞村钩鍧囬檷闆ㄩ噺娌掓湁寰堝ぇ鐨勫樊鍒�銆傚彧鏈夋剰澶у埄鍗楅儴鐨勯檷闆ㄩ噺寰堝皯锛岀憺澹殑鏌愪簺鍦板崁(q奴)鐨勯檷闆ㄩ噺寰堥珮锛岄€欎簺鍗€(q奴)鍩熼兘涓嶅湪鐮旂┒鐨勮寖鍦嶄箣鍏�(n猫i)銆�

鍙﹀锛屽湪鐮旂┒鐟炲＋鐨勫叿楂旀儏娉佹檪蹇呴爤鑰冩叜鍦拌〃褰㈡厠(t脿i)鐨勫奖闊裤€傚洜鐐哄湪鐟炲＋澧冨収(n猫i)鏈� 60%鐨勫湴鍗€(q奴)浣嶄簬闃跨埦鍗戞柉灞辫剤鐨勫崁(q奴)鍩熷収(n猫i)锛屽北鍗€(q奴)鐨勫湴褰㈠鍔犱簡寤洪€犳薄姘村噲鍖栬ō(sh猫)鏂界殑璨荤敤銆�

1.2.3銆佹薄姘磋檿鐞嗘娉�

鐩墠閭勭己涔忔湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍖栨寚妯�(bi膩o)渚嗚⿻浼伴€欏叚鍊嬪湅瀹剁殑姹℃按铏曠悊寤犵殑鏁�(sh霉)鐩拰鍒嗗竷鎯呮硜銆傜壒鍒ユ槸锛屽皪浜庢薄姘磋檿鐞嗗粻閭勬矑鏈夋槑纰虹殑瀹氱京銆傚湪鑽疯槶锛屾薄姘磋檿鐞嗗粻鐨勫缓瑷�(sh猫)姝ｅ湪涓嶆柗鍦板悜楂樿檿鐞嗚兘鍔涚殑鏂瑰悜鐧�(f膩)灞曘€傝€屽湪涓归亥銆佹硶鍦嬪拰鎰忓ぇ鍒╂薄姘磋檿鐞嗗粻鐨勮(gu墨)妯′竴鑸純灏�锛屽洜鑰屽叾绺介珨鏁�(sh霉)閲忚純澶с€�

鍦ㄥぇ澶氭暩(sh霉)鍦嬪涓�锛屽悎娴佸埗鎺掓按绯荤当(t菕ng)浠嶅崰鎿�(j霉)钁椾富灏�(d菐o)鍦颁綅銆備絾鏄紝鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄩ噰鐢ㄥ垎娴佸埗鐨勬帓姘寸郴绲�(t菕ng)姝ｉ€愭几鎴愮偤涓€绋定鍕�銆傚湪姹℃按铏曠悊寤犻噷閫茶铏曠悊鐨勬薄姘寸敱鐢熸椿姹℃按銆佸伐妤�(y猫)寤㈡按銆佹徊閫忔按鍜岀稉(j墨ng)铏曠悊鐨勯洦姘存墍绲勬垚銆備締鑷簬瀹跺涵鐨勭敓娲绘薄姘撮噺鑸囬２鐢ㄦ按閲忔湁闂�(gu膩n)锛屽湪寰峰湅鐐�132 鍗�/(浜�/澶�)锛屾槸鎵€鏈夐€欏叚鍊嬪湅瀹朵腑鏈€灏戠殑銆傚挨鍏舵槸鍦ㄧ憺澹拰鎰忓ぇ鍒╃敓娲绘薄姘寸殑閲忓咕涔庢槸寰峰湅鐨勫叐鍊�銆�

鏈夐棞(gu膩n)澶栨徊姘撮噺閭勬矑鏈夎冻澶犵殑璩囨枡銆傚湪寰峰湅锛屽婊叉按閲忎技涔庤浣庝簬鍏朵粬鍚勫湅銆傜敱浜庨€�6鍦嬪眳姘戠殑鐢熸椿缈�(x铆)鎱ｅ緢鐩镐技锛屽洜鑰屾薄姘寸殑婵冨害鍙栨焙浜庢墍鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑姹℃按閲�銆�

1.2.4銆佽ō(sh猫)瑷堣垏寤洪€�

鍚勫湅瀹堕枔灏嶆薄姘磋檿鐞嗗粻鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷堝拰寤洪€犻亷绋嬪悇涓嶇浉鍚�銆傚湪寰峰湅銆佹硶鍦�銆佺憺澹拰鎰忓ぇ鍒╁凡缍�(j墨ng)褰㈡垚浜嗚嚜宸辩殑涓€濂楄(gu墨)鑼冪殑銆佹槀璨寸殑鎵瑰京(f霉)绋嬪簭銆傚挨鍏舵槸鍦ㄥ痉鍦�銆佹硶鍦嬪拰鐟炲＋锛屽皪鐠�(hu谩n)澧冪殑缍鍜屾不鐞嗗崰浜嗕富灏�(d菐o)鐨勬焙瀹氬洜绱�銆傚皪浜庢剰澶у埄锛岄€欑ó闂�(gu膩n)绯婚倓涓嶆槸鍗佸垎鐨勭⒑瀹�銆傚湪鐟炲＋锛屽缓閫犻亷绋嬪線寰€鍒嗘閫茶锛屾瘡閫茶鍏╂寤洪€犲氨瑕侀€茶瑭曚及銆傚湪鑽疯槶锛屼篃鏈変竴鍊嬫壒寰�(f霉)鐨勭▼搴�锛屼絾鏄浉闂�(gu膩n)鐨勭敵璜嬫柟鍚屾檪涔熸槸鎵瑰京(f霉)鐨勬妲�(g貌u)銆傚湪涓归亥涓€鑸笉闇€瑕佽ō(sh猫)瑷堢殑鎵瑰京(f霉)鍜屽畼鏂圭殑鎵瑰京(f霉)锛屼絾鏄暥(d膩ng)鍑烘按鍊艰秴閬庝簡瑷�(sh猫)瑷堟サ闄愬€兼檪锛屽繀闋堜慨鏀硅ō(sh猫)瑷�銆� 鍦ㄥ痉鍦�锛屽皪瑷�(sh猫)瑷堝拰鏂藉伐鍧囨湁鐩告噳(y墨ng)鐨勫悎鍚岃(gu墨)瀹�銆�

涓€鑸締瑾�锛岃ō(sh猫)瑷堢敱灏堥杸鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷堝挩瑭㈠叕鍙稿畬鎴愶紝鍏烽珨鐨勫缓閫犺秺渚嗚秺鐢卞叿宸ョ▼绺藉寘鑳藉姏鐨勫叕鍙稿畬鎴�銆傚湪鑽疯槶鍜岀憺澹�锛岃ō(sh猫)瑷堥殠娈靛拰鎷涙(bi膩o)闅庢姣旇純鐩镐技銆傚湪娉曞湅銆佷腹楹ュ拰鎰忓ぇ鍒╋紝灏嶈ō(sh猫)瑷堢殑绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)瑕佹眰鐩稿皪杓冨皯銆傚洜姝わ紝鍦栫礄浠嶆湁鍙慨鏀圭殑浣欏湴锛屽叾琚敤浜庢柦宸ュ叕鍙稿皪闋呯洰鐨勮⿻浼�锛屾柦宸ュ湒瑷�(sh猫)瑷堜富瑕佺敱鏂藉伐鍏徃瀹屾垚銆�

1.2.5銆佽ō(sh猫)瑷堣▓绠�

閫欏叚鍊嬪湅瀹跺皪浜庢薄姘磋檿鐞嗗粻鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷堣▓绠楀悇涓嶇浉鍚�銆傚湪寰峰湅妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍖栫殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷堣▓绠椾富瑕佹槸鍩轰簬琛屾(bi膩o) ATV-A131銆傜浉椤炰技鐨勫彧鏈夊湪鐟炲＋鎵嶆湁瑷�(sh猫)瑷堟(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)銆傚湪娉曞湅鍜屾剰澶у埄锛岃ō(sh猫)瑷堢敱鏂藉伐鍏徃瀹屾垚锛屽叕鍙稿皪鐭ヨ瓨鐢�(ch菐n)娆�(qu谩n)閫茶鍤�(y谩n)鏍兼帶鍒�銆傜稉(j墨ng)STOWA鐨勬帹钖︾殑鍕曟厠(t脿i)妯℃摤鐨勮▓绠楁柟娉曞凡鍦ㄨ嵎铇閬嬬敤浜庤ō(sh猫)瑷堣▓绠椾腑锛屽悓鏅傚畠涔熷湪寰峰湅銆佺憺澹拰涓归亥涓嶆柗鍦板緱鍒颁簡閲嶈銆�

閬告搰杓稿叆鐨勬暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)灏嶈▓绠楃祼(ji茅)鏋滃緢閲嶈銆傚湪寰峰湅锛岃ō(sh猫)瑷堟檪鎸夌収85%鍙潬搴﹂€茶瑷�(sh猫)瑷堣▓绠�銆傚湪鐟炲＋瑷�(sh猫)瑷堢殑鍙潬搴︾偤80%锛岃€屽湪涓归亥鍙湁60 %銆傚熀浜庡畨鍏ㄦ€х殑鑰冩叜锛屽湪寰峰湅姹℃按铏曠悊寤犵殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷堟韩搴︾偤10掳C銆�

1.2.6銆佹妧琛�(sh霉)璺窔

鏍规摎(j霉)姘寲鐗╁湴鍘婚櫎鐜�锛屽湪鍌崇当(t菕ng)鐨勫伐钘濆熀绀�(ch菙)涓�锛屽悇鍊嬪湅瀹堕枔鎵€閲囧彇鐨勫伐钘濇湁钁楁槑椤殑宸暟銆�

涓归亥锛氭爱鍖栫墿鐨勫幓闄わ細鍏ㄩ儴纭濆寲銆佸弽纭濆寲闄ょ７;甯哥敤鐨勫伐钘濓細浣庤矤(f霉)鑽风殑鏇濇埃宸ヨ棟銆佸悓姝ュソ姘ф薄娉ョ┅(w臎n)瀹氥€佹サ灏戠敓鐗╂烤姹�;鐗规畩鐨勫伐钘濓細鐢熺墿鍙嶇鍖�銆佺敓鐗╅櫎纾枫€�

寰峰湅锛氭爱鍖栫墿鐨勫幓闄わ細澶ч儴鍒嗙鍖�銆佸弽纭濆寲闄ょ７;甯哥敤鐨勫伐钘濓細鏇濇埃宸ヨ棟銆侀儴鍒嗙敓鐗╂烤姹犮€佸幁姘ф薄娉ョ┅(w臎n)瀹�;鐗规畩鐨勫伐钘濓細瑷卞鍏╂铏曠悊绯荤当(t菕ng)銆佸父鐢ㄧ敓鐗╅櫎纾枫€佹帴瑙稿紡婵炬睜寰堝鏂瑰紡銆�

娉曞湅锛氭爱鍖栫墿鐨勫幓闄わ細閮ㄥ垎纭濆寲銆佸弽纭濆寲闄ょ７;甯哥敤鐨勫伐钘濓細鏇濇埃宸ヨ棟銆佹哀鍖栧;鐗规畩鐨勫伐钘濓細鐢熺墿婵炬睜銆佹枩鏉挎枩绠℃矇娣€姹�銆佸緢澶氭柟寮忋€�

鎰忓ぇ鍒╋細姘寲鐗╃殑鍘婚櫎锛氬緢灏戠鍖�銆佸弽纭濆寲闄ょ７;甯哥敤鐨勫伐钘濓細鏇濇埃宸ヨ棟鍘婚櫎纰冲寲鐗�銆� 鍘婚櫎姹℃煋鐗╄唱(zh矛)銆佸幁姘ф薄娉ョ┅(w臎n)瀹�;鐗规畩鐨勫伐钘濓細甯搁噰鐢ㄦ姊拌檿鐞嗘硶銆�

鑽疯槶锛氭爱鍖栫墿鐨勫幓闄わ細鍏ㄩ儴纭濆寲銆佸弽纭濆寲闄ょ７;甯哥敤鐨勫伐钘濓細浣庤矤(f霉)鑽风殑鏇濇埃宸ヨ棟銆佸悓姝�-濂芥哀姹℃偿绌�(w臎n)瀹�;鐗规畩鐨勫伐钘濓細姘у寲婧�,銆佸厠鍕炲鐖惧伐钘濄€�

鐟炲＋锛氭爱鍖栫墿鐨勫幓闄わ細寰堝皬涓€閮ㄥ垎纭濆寲銆佸咕涔庢矑鏈夊弽纭濆寲銆佸叏閮ㄩ櫎纾�;甯哥敤鐨勫伐钘濓細浣庤矤(f霉)鑽风殑鏇濇埃宸ヨ棟銆佺敓鐗╂烤姹�銆佺敓鐗╄綁(zhu菐n)鐩�;鍘哀姹℃偿绌�(w臎n)瀹�;鐗规畩鐨勫伐钘濓細鐢熺墿婵炬睜銆佹枩鏉挎枩绠℃矇娣€姹�銆�

1.2.7銆佹薄姘磋檿鐞嗙殑璨荤敤

鐐轰簡灏嶄笂杩�6鍊嬪湅瀹剁殑姹℃按铏曠悊璨荤敤閫茶姣旇純锛屾垜鍊戝皪姹℃按铏曠悊寤犻€茶浜嗕互涓嬬殑鍒嗛锛�

寰炴瘡涓€鍊嬪湅瀹朵腑铏曠悊瑕�(gu墨)妯＄偤(2000浜哄彛鐣�(d膩ng)閲�;10000浜哄彛鐣�(d膩ng)閲�;100000浜哄彛鐣�(d膩ng)閲�)鐨勬薄姘磋檿鐞嗗粻涓悇閬稿嚭鍏╁€嬫薄姘磋檿鐞嗗粻鏍规摎(j霉)浠ヤ笅鎸囨(bi膩o)閫茶姣旇純锛�

鏂板缓鐨勬薄姘磋檿鐞嗗粻鎴栨摯寤虹殑鑸婃薄姘磋檿鐞嗗粻;

閫氶亷纭濆寲/鍙嶇鍖栬檿鐞嗚劔姘�;

閫氶亷娌夋穩娉曟垨鐢熺墿娉曢櫎纾�;

鍩虹(ch菙)鐨勮檿鐞嗗伐钘濈偤娲绘€ф薄娉ユ硶锛屽悓鏅傜祼(ji茅)鍚堟煇浜涘湅瀹剁壒娈婄殑铏曠悊鏂规硶锛屼緥濡傦紝鍦ㄨ嵎铇殑鍏嬪嫗濉炵埦娉�銆�

閬告搰铏曠悊寤犳檪蹇呴爤缍滃悎鑰冩叜鑰冩叜鍒颁互涓婃寚妯�(bi膩o)銆�

灏嶄簬鎵€鏈夐伕鎿囧嚭渚嗙殑姹℃按铏曠悊寤犵殑鎶曡硣鍜岄亱琛岃不鐢ㄥ繀闋堝湪鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)鍓琛岀爺绌�銆傝不鐢ㄦ暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐢ㄥ痉鍦嬮Μ鍏嬭〃绀�锛屽弮鑰冧腑澶妧琛岀殑澶栧梗鍏屾彌鐜囩殑绲�(t菕ng)瑷堝拰鍦嬪绲�(t菕ng)瑷堝眬1996骞寸殑鍍规牸鎸囨暩(sh霉)閫茶鎻涚畻銆傛姇璩囪不鐢ㄦ牴鎿�(j霉)绲�(t菕ng)涓€鐨勫埄鐜囧拰姹℃按铏曠悊寤犵殑浣跨敤澹藉懡鎻涚畻鎴愬勾骞冲潎璩囨湰銆傞€欒垏姹℃按铏曠悊寤犵殑瑕�(gu墨)妯℃湁闂�(gu膩n)銆�

閬嬭璨荤敤涔熷彲鐩告噳(y墨ng)鍦扮⒑瀹氥€傜敱浜庡畠鑸囩郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勫闅涜矤(f霉)鑽峰拰鍒╃敤鐜囨湁寰堝ぇ鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�锛屽洜姝ゅ湪閫欓噷寮曢€蹭簡涓€鍊嬪洜绱犱締椤ず鍒╃敤鐜囧皪閬嬭璨荤敤鐨勫奖闊�銆傞€欏€嬪洜绱犵殑35%鐐哄勾閬嬭璨荤敤锛屽叾鑸囩郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勫京(f霉)闆滅▼搴︾浉闂�(gu膩n)锛屽彟澶�65%鍓囪垏绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫闅涢亱琛岃矤(f霉)鑽风浉闂�(gu膩n)銆�